INT10980

Context Info Confidence 0.78 First Reported 1981 Last Reported 2011 Negated 0 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 40 Total Number 46 Disease Relevance 15.32 Pain Relevance 5.51

plasma membrane (GYPA) molecular_function (GYPA) cellular_component (GYPA) biological_process (GYPA)

Anatomy Link Frequency blood 4 plasma 3 globus pallidus 3 Mns 3 liver 2 GYPA (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat imagery 325 100.00 diabetic neuropathy 99 99.80 Bile 14 99.68 Cannabinoid receptor 14 99.00 Dopamine 1092 98.60 positron emission tomography 644 98.32 qutenza 1 98.32 Bioavailability 1 97.60 Substantia nigra 84 97.16 adenocard 6 93.92

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Diabetic Neuropathy 102 99.80 Parkinsonian Disorders 546 99.64 Disease 968 99.54 Cancer 65 99.00 Neurodegenerative Disease 40 98.62 Liver Disease 168 98.44 Tremor 170 98.04 Aging 75 97.94 General Immunology 7 97.48 Autism 4 97.24

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

HD2-Mns produced depolarizations with longer latencies and durations than those of the HD1-Mns.

Gene_expression (produced) of Mns in Mns

1) Confidence 0.78 Published 1997 Journal J. Neurophysiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 9065858 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.08

On the other hand, cells expressing NUP98-HOXA9/N51S did not show morphologic evidence of erythroid immaturity in Giemsa-stained preparations (Fig. 8 and Table 1); yet a clear block in erythroid differentiation was observed by flow cytometry as evidenced by decreased expression of CD235a (Fig. 9A).

Gene_expression (expression) of CD235a

2) Confidence 0.75 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2725295 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0

HD2-Mns produced depolarizations with longer latencies and durations than those of the HD1-Mns.

Gene_expression (produced) of Mns in Mns

3) Confidence 0.60 Published 1997 Journal J. Neurophysiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 9065858 Disease Relevance 0.05 Pain Relevance 0.08

IS-5-MN is rapidly absorbed after oral administration and the maximum concentration in serum was reached 1.2 +/- 0.2 h after doses of 10 to 50 mg.

Gene_expression (absorbed) of IS-5-MN

4) Confidence 0.59 Published 1981 Journal Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 7250175 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0.08

In contrast, no significant reduction in CD235a expression was seen in cells expressing HOXA9 and HOXA9?

Gene_expression (expression) of CD235a

5) Confidence 0.58 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2725295 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

It has been suggested that a central pattern generator that contains a serial network of linked neurons must produce the successive excitation of motoneurons (Mns) and then the sequential activation of muscle through excitatory connections.

Gene_expression (produce) of Mns in motoneurons

6) Confidence 0.53 Published 1997 Journal J. Neurophysiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 9065858 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

These results show that MnPO neurons projecting to the PVN may carry the information from osmosensitive elements and that there is a difference between WKY and SHR in the responsivity of these MnPO neurons to the osmotic stimulation.

Gene_expression (projecting) of MnPO in neurons

7) Confidence 0.42 Published 1995 Journal Neurosci. Lett. Section Abstract Doc Link 7659288 Disease Relevance 0.13 Pain Relevance 0.06

The gender difference in the mu suppression in the human MNS during action observation may result from nonspecifically physiologic as well as empathic gender differences.

Gene_expression (suppression) of MNS

8) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2361218 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 0.12

Activation of MNS areas has been shown to increase during social interaction, as well as during observation and imitation of emotional faces [25].

Gene_expression (areas) of MNS in faces

9) Confidence 0.32 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2877098 Disease Relevance 0.46 Pain Relevance 0.19

However this mutation is more likely to be involve in hereditary aging-related neurodegenerative disease, as shown by the finding that leukocytes lose the ability to induce Mn-SOD expression in response to increases in reactive oxygen species levels in tissue, in subjects over the age of 55 years [14].

Gene_expression (expression) of Mn-SOD in leukocytes associated with aging and neurodegenerative disease

10) Confidence 0.31 Published 2001 Journal BMC Med Genet Section Body Doc Link PMC31388 Disease Relevance 0.67 Pain Relevance 0.08

Mitochondrial Mn-SOD activity is preserved in recreationally active, but not sedentary, older adults

Gene_expression (activity) of Mn-SOD

11) Confidence 0.30 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2875392 Disease Relevance 0.44 Pain Relevance 0.04

The Val variant of the Mn-SOD may be present in a lower concentration in mitochondria.

Gene_expression (present) of Mn-SOD

12) Confidence 0.24 Published 2001 Journal BMC Med Genet Section Body Doc Link PMC31388 Disease Relevance 0.52 Pain Relevance 0.06

Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated to assess the strength of the relationship between the Mn-SOD or EC-SOD polymorphisms and DN.

Gene_expression (polymorphisms) of Mn-SOD associated with diabetic neuropathy

13) Confidence 0.24 Published 2001 Journal BMC Med Genet Section Body Doc Link PMC31388 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.10

Both Mn-SOD and Cu/Zn-SOD activity were expressed in U•mg protein?

Gene_expression (expressed) of Mn-SOD

14) Confidence 0.23 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2875392 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The most consistent observation of these early studies was that Mn produced morphological changes in the globus pallidus, subthalamic nuclei, and substantia nigra pars reticulata, whereas the SNpc remained intact (Table 4).

Gene_expression (produced) of Mn in globus pallidus associated with substantia nigra

15) Confidence 0.21 Published 2010 Journal Environ Health Perspect Section Body Doc Link PMC2920085 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.37

This finding is likely because Mn is excreted in the bile, and in persons with chronic liver disease, the excretion of Mn is markedly impaired, with subsequent accumulation in the brain.

Gene_expression (excreted) of Mn in liver associated with liver disease and bile

16) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Environ Health Perspect Section Body Doc Link PMC2920085 Disease Relevance 1.39 Pain Relevance 0.10

However, a firm conclusion that chronic Mn results in the loss of DAT and presumably dopamine neuron terminals in the striatum cannot be made because [11C]-nomifensine is not a selective DAT ligand and because Mn can directly inhibit ligand binding to DAT.

Gene_expression (results) of Mn in striatum associated with dopamine

17) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Environ Health Perspect Section Body Doc Link PMC2920085 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.59

Also, the progression of Mn-induced parkinsonism appears to be a gait disorder of early onset with dystonia that occurs much later in the slow progression of the movement abnormalities in PD.

Gene_expression (progression) of Mn associated with congenital anomalies, dystonia, disease and parkinsonian disorders

18) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Environ Health Perspect Section Body Doc Link PMC2920085 Disease Relevance 1.60 Pain Relevance 0.07

Further, Mn exposure had no effect on D1R or cannabinoid receptor 1 levels in the basal ganglia.

Gene_expression (exposure) of Mn in basal ganglia associated with cannabinoid receptor

19) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Environ Health Perspect Section Body Doc Link PMC2920085 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 0.21

From a clinical perspective, most persons who were occupationally exposed to Mn, users of ephedron, and patients with liver disease and parkinsonism are not responsive or are minimally responsive to l-dopa therapy, the mainstay therapy that ameliorates the early movement abnormalities in PD (Table 1).

Gene_expression (exposed) of Mn in liver associated with liver disease, congenital anomalies, disease and parkinsonian disorders

20) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Environ Health Perspect Section Body Doc Link PMC2920085 Disease Relevance 1.49 Pain Relevance 0.12

General Comments

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