INT113263

Context Info Confidence 0.65 First Reported 2003 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 5 Total Number 13 Disease Relevance 1.19 Pain Relevance 1.30

Anatomy Link Frequency cartridge 4 neutrophil 1 TSPAN33 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Enkephalin 4 100.00 Dynorphin 1 100.00 Morphine 1 96.84 Opioid 9 94.72 Pain 20 90.52 antagonist 1 75.08 Endogenous opioid 1 40.24 Kappa opioid receptor 1 35.52 Inflammation 2 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Adhesions 5 96.36 Confusion 11 94.76 Cancer 6 92.32 Skin Cancer 1 85.44 INFLAMMATION 2 78.96 Obesity 9 74.36 Diabetes Mellitus 9 65.32 Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome 36 33.40 Spontaneous Abortion 9 18.96 Rheumatoid Arthritis 12 5.00

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

RESULTS: The endogenous opioid peptides beta-endorphin(1-31) and met-enkephalin, representing the N-terminal fragment of beta-endorphin(1-31), and the synthetic delta opioid receptor agonists D-Ala(2)-D-Leu(5)-enkephalin and D-Pen(2)-enkephalin produced concentration-dependent stimulation of neutrophil activity.

Gene_expression (produced) of Pen in neutrophil

1) Confidence 0.65 Published 2003 Journal Br J Anaesth Section Body Doc Link 14504158 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0

OGF and NTX at concentrations of 10(-4) to 10(-6)M, and dynorphin A1-8, beta-endorphin, endomorphin-1, endomorphin-2, leucine enkephalin, [D-Pen(2,5)]-enkephalin (DPDPE), [D-Ala(2), MePhe(4), Glycol(5)]-enkephalin (DAMGO), morphine, and U69,593 at concentrations of 10(-6)M, did not alter cell migration, chemotaxis, or invasion of any cancer cell line.

Gene_expression (concentrations) of Pen associated with dynorphin, cancer, enkephalin and morphine

2) Confidence 0.65 Published 2007 Journal Neuropeptides Section Abstract Doc Link 17910895 Disease Relevance 0.88 Pain Relevance 1.01

Finally, we evaluated the Ubi-Pen

Gene_expression (evaluated) of Ubi-Pen

3) Confidence 0.41 Published 2008 Journal Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Section Body Doc Link PMC2246069 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In a previous version of the Ubi-Pen, there is a short-term

Gene_expression (version) of Ubi-Pen

4) Confidence 0.41 Published 2008 Journal Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Section Body Doc Link PMC2246069 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Patients who had used the prefilled follitropin alfa pen (1040 respondents) and follitropin beta pen (50 respondents) reported that they changed the pen/cartridge a mean value of 2.3 and 2.4 times per treatment cycle, respectively.

Gene_expression (used) of pen in cartridge

5) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Routine daily use of the prefilled follitropin alfa pen

Gene_expression (prefilled) of pen

6) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Patients who had used the prefilled follitropin alfa pen (1040 respondents) and follitropin beta pen (50 respondents) reported that they changed the pen/cartridge a mean value of 2.3 and 2.4 times per treatment cycle, respectively.

Gene_expression (prefilled) of pen in cartridge

7) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Patients who had used the prefilled follitropin alfa pen (1040 respondents) and follitropin beta pen (50 respondents) reported that they changed the pen/cartridge a mean value of 2.3 and 2.4 times per treatment cycle, respectively.

Gene_expression (used) of pen in cartridge

8) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Results from comparative studies of the two available pen devices for injection of r-hFSH indicate a preference for the prefilled follitropin alfa pen among both patients and nurses [15,16].

Gene_expression (prefilled) of pen

9) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.16

Initial use of the prefilled follitropin alfa pen

Gene_expression (prefilled) of pen

10) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0

In the same study, nurses were asked to complete a questionnaire about their experiences with the prefilled follitropin alfa pen and they were also very positive about the pen [15].

Gene_expression (experiences) of pen

11) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0

Patients who had used the prefilled follitropin alfa pen (1040 respondents) and follitropin beta pen (50 respondents) reported that they changed the pen/cartridge a mean value of 2.3 and 2.4 times per treatment cycle, respectively.

Gene_expression (prefilled) of pen in cartridge

12) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

A greater proportion of patients in the group using the prefilled follitropin alfa pen found the pen very easy to handle, and quicker to learn to use and prepare for injection than those using the reusable follitropin beta pen.

Gene_expression (using) of pen

13) Confidence 0.28 Published 2010 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.13

General Comments

This test has worked.