INT127633

Context Info Confidence 0.52 First Reported 2005 Last Reported 2009 Negated 0 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 5 Total Number 8 Disease Relevance 5.93 Pain Relevance 0.75

structural molecule activity (KRT18) cell cycle (KRT18) microtubule organizing center (KRT18) cytoplasm (KRT18)

Anatomy Link Frequency lung 1 KRT18 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Inflammation 38 92.00 lidocaine 6 91.92 chemokine 3 89.52 antagonist 1 88.76 aspirin 132 80.88 Paracetamol 3 71.04 Chronic pancreatitis 4 36.12 Bile 2 9.20 medulla 14 5.00 cINOD 12 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Apoptosis 59 99.96 Necrosis 6 99.60 Cancer 226 98.76 Breast Cancer 26 96.08 Asthma 180 94.76 INFLAMMATION 39 92.00 Malignant Neoplastic Disease 20 88.56 Skin Cancer 60 86.48 Metastasis 38 83.36 Pancreatic Cancer 94 82.24

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Another clinical application of K8/K18 is the monitoring of fragments of these keratins in the serum as serological tumor markers to monitor cancer load, cancer progression, and response to therapy.

Localization (application) of K18 associated with cancer

1) Confidence 0.52 Published 2008 Journal Histochem Cell Biol Section Body Doc Link PMC2386534 Disease Relevance 1.34 Pain Relevance 0

For apoptosis detection, the translocation of phosphatidylserine (Annexin V-FITC assay), Apo2.7 and the Caspase activity on cytokeratin 18 were determined by flow cytometry.

Spec (determined) Localization (translocation) of cytokeratin 18 associated with apoptosis

2) Confidence 0.52 Published 2005 Journal Int. J. Mol. Med. Section Abstract Doc Link 15942692 Disease Relevance 0.40 Pain Relevance 0.52

The type I keratin K18 is located in the type II cluster on chromosome 17 (arrow). b Two-dimensional catalog of the human keratin proteins according to molecular weights (MW) and isoelectric points (IEP) as calculated from amino acid sequences.

Localization (located) of K18

3) Confidence 0.49 Published 2008 Journal Histochem Cell Biol Section Body Doc Link PMC2386534 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

During apoptosis, CK18 is cleaved by caspases and released into the extracellular compartment.

Localization (released) of CK18 associated with apoptosis

4) Confidence 0.23 Published 2009 Journal Journal of Proteome Research Section Body Doc Link PMC2652408 Disease Relevance 1.48 Pain Relevance 0

Presence of caspase cleaved CK18 has been shown to be a reliable marker of apoptosis, while release of intact CK18 reflects necrosis.39 Increased levels of caspase-cleaved CK18 have been measured in the serum of breast cancer patients when compared with controls.40

Localization (release) of CK18 associated with necrosis, breast cancer and apoptosis

5) Confidence 0.21 Published 2009 Journal Journal of Proteome Research Section Body Doc Link PMC2652408 Disease Relevance 1.41 Pain Relevance 0

IgG immunoblotting for CK8, CK18, and CK19

Localization (immunoblotting) of CK18

6) Confidence 0.04 Published 2006 Journal Journal of Korean Medical Science Section Body Doc Link PMC2729943 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Thus, CK8, CK18, and CK19, which were used in this study, have been found only in simple epithelia, including both bronchial and lung alveolar epithelial cells (17), which are the major target tissues of asthma.

Localization (found) of CK18 in lung associated with asthma

7) Confidence 0.04 Published 2006 Journal Journal of Korean Medical Science Section Body Doc Link PMC2729943 Disease Relevance 0.89 Pain Relevance 0.19

IgG immunoblotting for CK8, CK18, and CK19

Localization (immunoblotting) of CK18

8) Confidence 0.04 Published 2006 Journal Journal of Korean Medical Science Section Body Doc Link PMC2729943 Disease Relevance 0.42 Pain Relevance 0.04

General Comments

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