INT143759

Context Info Confidence 0.55 First Reported 2006 Last Reported 2010 Negated 1 Speculated 2 Reported most in Body Documents 46 Total Number 48 Disease Relevance 11.12 Pain Relevance 1.24

cytosol (SOX2) nucleus (SOX2) DNA binding (SOX2) cytoplasm (SOX2)

Anatomy Link Frequency fibroblasts 10 stem cells 10 somatic cells 2 neural 2 ATSC 1 SOX2 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Morphine 6 95.16 withdrawal 14 88.60 Potency 63 83.12 dexamethasone 48 80.60 opioid receptor 1 75.00 Spinal cord 49 70.40 Kappa opioid receptor 1 68.08 mu opioid receptor 1 66.52 opiate 1 56.08 Bile 2 53.96

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Glioblastoma 150 99.86 Rheumatoid Arthritis 83 99.74 Obesity 84 98.94 Cancer 433 98.80 Leukemia 29 97.24 Cold Sores 40 94.88 Hypoxia 106 92.00 Targeted Disruption 50 91.68 Neuroblastoma 44 90.72 Suicidal Behaviour 35 89.92

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

This work was soon supplemented by the generation of human iPSCs by two groups, one of whom [186] showed that adult human dermal fibroblasts can also be reprogrammed by overexpression of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC, while another [188] made use of a slightly different set of factors (OCT4, SOX2, LIN28, and NANOG) to reprogram both fetal and adult human fibroblasts.

Gene_expression (overexpression) of SOX2 in fibroblasts

1) Confidence 0.55 Published 2009 Journal Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio) Section Body Doc Link PMC2962903 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

This process, which is held as one of the most seminal discoveries in the stem cell field, was first reported by Yamanaka's group [187] and involves overexpression of four key genes (Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc) in murine fibroblasts, resulting in their conversion into cells that resemble ESCs in terms of morphology, gene expression, growth, and differentiation capabilities and are now named induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).

Gene_expression (overexpression) of Sox2 in fibroblasts

2) Confidence 0.55 Published 2009 Journal Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio) Section Body Doc Link PMC2962903 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

Expression levels of Sox2 and Sox3 decreased in especially B10 cells following bFGF treatment of 2 weeks.

Gene_expression (Expression) of Sox2

3) Confidence 0.48 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2092394 Disease Relevance 0.12 Pain Relevance 0.03

Since these initial papers there has been remarkable progress in the field, aimed largely at increasing the efficiency of the iPSC generation protocol and replacing the initial retroviral vectors that were used to transfect fibroblasts with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC.

Gene_expression (transfect) of SOX2 in fibroblasts

4) Confidence 0.48 Published 2009 Journal Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio) Section Body Doc Link PMC2962903 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Moreover, MOR and KOR are widely expressed by Sox2 and/or Nkx2.2-positive GRPs in vitro and the pattern of receptor expression appears to be developmentally regulated.

Gene_expression (expressed) of Sox2

5) Confidence 0.43 Published 2007 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 17478053 Disease Relevance 0.53 Pain Relevance 0.82

Spheroids expressed the stem cell markers nestin and SOX2 (Figure 5C,D,F,G).

Gene_expression (expressed) of SOX2 in stem cell

6) Confidence 0.42 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2707627 Disease Relevance 0.98 Pain Relevance 0

Spheroids from both sorted cell populations expressed the neural stem cell markers nestin and SOX2 and showed the ability to express the differentiation markers GFAP and ?

Gene_expression (expressed) of SOX2 in stem cell

7) Confidence 0.42 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2707627 Disease Relevance 1.31 Pain Relevance 0

The cells continued to show significant expression of the stem cell markers nestin and SOX2, but also of the differentiation markers GFAP and ?

Gene_expression (expression) of SOX2 in stem cell

8) Confidence 0.42 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2707627 Disease Relevance 0.99 Pain Relevance 0

Both pseudotyped lentiviral vectors transduced cancer stem-like cells characterized by their CD133-, nestin- and SOX2-expression, the ability to form spheroids in neural stem cell medium and to express astrocytic and neuronal differentiation markers under serum conditions.

Gene_expression (expression) of SOX2 in neural associated with cancer

9) Confidence 0.42 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2707627 Disease Relevance 1.55 Pain Relevance 0

Furthermore, transduced glioblastoma cells expressed the stem cell markers nestin and SOX2.

Gene_expression (expressed) of SOX2 in stem cell associated with glioblastoma

10) Confidence 0.42 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2707627 Disease Relevance 0.90 Pain Relevance 0

We evaluated the expression of Oct4 (POU5F1) to determine whether exogenic Oct4 induced the expression of early developmental genes KLF4, Sox-2, Rex-1, Utf1, Dapp5, FGF4, ERas, and Nanog in cultured ATSCs (Fig. 1E).

Gene_expression (expression) of Sox-2

11) Confidence 0.39 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2747014 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0.04

As shown in Fig. 1A, several control adult stem cells highly expressed Oct4, Sox2, and Nanog.

Gene_expression (expressed) of Sox2 in stem cells

12) Confidence 0.39 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2747014 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0

In our study, Oct4/ATSCs overexpress not only Oct4, Sox-2, Nanog, and Rex1, but also c-Myc to obtain active self-renewal activity with pluripotency after exogenic Oct4 transfection.

Gene_expression (overexpress) of Sox-2

13) Confidence 0.39 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2747014 Disease Relevance 0.22 Pain Relevance 0

Expression levels of Sox2 and Sox3 decreased in especially B10 cells following bFGF treatment of 2 weeks.

Gene_expression (levels) of Sox2

14) Confidence 0.37 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2092394 Disease Relevance 0.12 Pain Relevance 0.03

In contrast, SOX2, expressed by both hESC/hiPSC and neural stem cells, was highly expressed in H9, YZ1, and early neural cells differentiated from the two cell lines.

Gene_expression (expressed) of SOX2 in stem cells

15) Confidence 0.37 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2912324 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast, SOX2, expressed by both hESC/hiPSC and neural stem cells, was highly expressed in H9, YZ1, and early neural cells differentiated from the two cell lines.

Gene_expression (expressed) of SOX2 in stem cells

16) Confidence 0.37 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2912324 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

However, the reduced expression of Oct-4 and Sox-2 in PUC cells relative to the embryonic disc could indicate that genes regulated by these transcription factors may have different expression patterns in these two tissues.

Gene_expression (expression) of Sox-2

17) Confidence 0.35 Published 2006 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC1373634 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.04

For Oct-4 and Sox-2, the embryonic disc sample expressed the highest copy number of target RNA (380 to 6400-fold, and 20 to 790-fold greater than fibroblasts, respectively) followed by PUC cells (0.4 to 110-fold, and 1.4 to 3.9-fold), when normalized to the expression levels of fibroblasts.

Gene_expression (expressed) of Sox-2 in fibroblasts

18) Confidence 0.35 Published 2006 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC1373634 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The relative levels of mRNA expression for Nanog, Oct-4 and Sox-2 (as compared to fibroblasts) appears to vary in embryonic discs and PUC cells with embryonic discs clearly expressing more Oct-4 and Sox-2.

Gene_expression (expressing) of Sox-2 in fibroblasts

19) Confidence 0.35 Published 2006 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC1373634 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.04

Nonetheless, PUC cells express Nanog, Sox-2 and Oct-4 at the mRNA level with nuclear immunoreactivity for Nanog and Oct-4 being clearly and uniformly present.

Gene_expression (express) of Sox-2

20) Confidence 0.35 Published 2006 Journal Reprod Biol Endocrinol Section Body Doc Link PMC1373634 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

General Comments

This test has worked.