INT148671

Context Info Confidence 0.63 First Reported 2008 Last Reported 2011 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 26 Total Number 28 Disease Relevance 24.32 Pain Relevance 3.91

unfolded protein binding (Aip) cytosol (Aip) nucleolus (Aip) plasma membrane (Aip) nucleus (Aip) cytoplasm (Aip)

Anatomy Link Frequency B-cell 2 Pancreas 1 pituitary 1 ducts 1 urine 1 Aip (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Chronic pancreatitis 41 100.00 cytokine 14 100.00 imagery 96 99.82 amygdala 8 97.04 metalloproteinase 5 95.84 Inflammation 25 95.08 fibrosis 44 94.24 diclofenac 1 94.24 peripheral neuropathy 1 93.60 abdominal pain 30 91.12

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Pancreatitis 508 100.00 Porphyria 6 100.00 Acute Intermittent Porphyria 5 100.00 Recurrence 21 99.76 Cancer 260 99.70 Hodgkin's Disease 64 99.68 Congenital Anomalies 10 99.60 Pancreatic Cancer 8 99.42 Adrenal Cancer 80 98.88 Hyponatremia 4 98.72

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

In addition, we observed decreased AIP mRNA and protein expression in the adrenocortical tissue when compared to normal controls (Figure 3C and 3D).

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP

1) Confidence 0.63 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Body Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 0.82 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast, normal AIP protein expression and no LOH for 11q13.3 locus were verified in the B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma from the same patient (Figure 4).

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP in B-cell associated with hodgkin's disease

2) Confidence 0.63 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Body Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0

Before therapy for AIP is begun, accurate diagnosis of AIP is necessary.

Gene_expression (diagnosis) of AIP associated with pancreatitis

3) Confidence 0.58 Published 2008 Journal Adv Med Sci Section Abstract Doc Link 18762470 Disease Relevance 1.36 Pain Relevance 0.13

Before the diagnosis of AIP was made, the patient was treated with drugs which are not considered to be safe in porphyric patients, such as phenytoin, metoclopramide, and diclofenac.

Gene_expression (diagnosis) of AIP associated with porphyria and diclofenac

4) Confidence 0.58 Published 2008 Journal Singapore Med J Section Abstract Doc Link 18946596 Disease Relevance 1.19 Pain Relevance 0.52

CONCLUSIONS: Focal-type AIP is not a rare clinical entity and might be buried in previously resected pancreatic specimens that in the past were diagnosed simply as mass-forming pancreatitis.

Gene_expression (buried) of AIP

5) Confidence 0.56 Published 2008 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Body Doc Link 18158696 Disease Relevance 0.26 Pain Relevance 0

AIP gene expression in normal adrenals and the adrenocortical tumor of the IFS AIP-mutated patient

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP gene associated with cancer

6) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Body Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 1.00 Pain Relevance 0

Low AIP gene expression was confirmed by qPCR in the adrenocortical carcinoma.

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP gene associated with adrenal cancer

7) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 1.01 Pain Relevance 0

Both tumors displayed low AIP protein expression levels.

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP associated with cancer

8) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 1.01 Pain Relevance 0

METHODS: We evaluated 178 patients presenting to our Pancreas Clinic between January 2005 and June 2006 for evaluation of the etiology of their suspected pancreatitis; AIP was diagnosed when patients met HISORt (Histology, Imaging features, Serology, Other organ involvement and Response to steroid treatment) criteria.

Gene_expression (diagnosed) of AIP in Pancreas

9) Confidence 0.47 Published 2010 Journal Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Section Body Doc Link 19800984 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0

The fact that AIP interacts with phosphodiesterases type 4A (PDE4A) and type 2A (PDE2A) implicates this gene in the cyclic AMP (cAMP) signaling cascade,12,13 a cellular pathway known to be disrupted in pituitary, but also in thyroid and adrenal tumorigenesis.14,15 Furthermore, AIP is widely expressed, which may argue in favor of a potential involvement of this gene also in non-pituitary tumors.

Gene_expression (expressed) of AIP in pituitary associated with pituitary cancer

10) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Body Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 1.27 Pain Relevance 0

Normal AIP protein expression was observed in the index patient’s B-cell lymphoma when compared to the amygdala lymphoid tissue, which was used as a control (Figure 4).

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP in B-cell associated with lymphatic system cancer and amygdala

11) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Body Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 0.78 Pain Relevance 0.05

AIP expression was assessed through quantitative PCR (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry.

Gene_expression (expression) of AIP

12) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal Clinics (Sao Paulo) Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2862671 Disease Relevance 0.70 Pain Relevance 0

SUMMARY: Researchers this last year have further characterized clinical aspects of chronic pancreatitis that may lead to improved detection of early chronic pancreatitis and AIP, risk stratification and application of risk-lowering strategies to prevent relapses in AIP or the development of recurrent (and possibly chronic) alcoholic pancreatitis and new evidence that antioxidants may have a modest effect on reducing the dominant symptom in chronic pancreatitis, abdominal pain.

Gene_expression (lead) of AIP

13) Confidence 0.32 Published 2009 Journal Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. Section Body Doc Link 19535979 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Two days after admission, the patient developed seizures as a result of hyponatremia due to SIADH, which, together with the observation of red urine, led to the diagnosis of AIP.

Gene_expression (diagnosis) of AIP in urine associated with hyponatremia, convulsion and acute intermittent porphyria

14) Confidence 0.32 Published 2010 Journal Gastroenterol Hepatol Section Abstract Doc Link 20435380 Disease Relevance 1.63 Pain Relevance 0.22

SUMMARY: Researchers this last year have further characterized clinical aspects of chronic pancreatitis that may lead to improved detection of early chronic pancreatitis and AIP, risk stratification and application of risk-lowering strategies to prevent relapses in AIP or the development of recurrent (and possibly chronic) alcoholic pancreatitis and new evidence that antioxidants may have a modest effect on reducing the dominant symptom in chronic pancreatitis, abdominal pain.

Gene_expression (detection) of AIP

15) Confidence 0.32 Published 2009 Journal Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. Section Body Doc Link 19535979 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

We studied 39 pancreatic resections with AIP, defined by the following triad of features: (1) lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates around ducts, (2) acinar lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with atrophy and fibrosis, and (3) obliterative phlebitis.

Gene_expression (resections) of AIP in ducts associated with fibrosis, inflammation, cv general 2 under development, frailty and pancreatitis

16) Confidence 0.23 Published 2008 Journal Am. J. Surg. Pathol. Section Abstract Doc Link 18779731 Disease Relevance 1.50 Pain Relevance 0.17

Recurrences were observed in 25% of cases, and were more frequent in focal AIP (33%) than in diffuse AIP (12%) (P=0.043), in smokers than in non-smokers (41% vs. 15%; P=0.011), and in patients with pathological serum levels of IgG4 compared to those with normal serum levels (50% vs. 12%; P=0.009).

Gene_expression (frequent) of AIP

17) Confidence 0.21 Published 2009 Journal Am. J. Gastroenterol. Section Body Doc Link 19568232 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0

Recurrences were observed in 25% of cases, and were more frequent in focal AIP (33%) than in diffuse AIP (12%) (P=0.043), in smokers than in non-smokers (41% vs. 15%; P=0.011), and in patients with pathological serum levels of IgG4 compared to those with normal serum levels (50% vs. 12%; P=0.009).

Gene_expression (frequent) of AIP

18) Confidence 0.21 Published 2009 Journal Am. J. Gastroenterol. Section Body Doc Link 19568232 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0

The prognosis of AIP appears to be good over the short-term with steroid therapy.

Gene_expression (prognosis) of AIP associated with pancreatitis

19) Confidence 0.17 Published 2010 Journal J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 20213336 Disease Relevance 1.06 Pain Relevance 0.16

AIP sometimes mimics pancreatic cancer in its presentation, but as AIP responds dramatically to steroid therapy, accurate diagnosis is necessary.

Gene_expression (responds) of AIP associated with pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis

20) Confidence 0.15 Published 2010 Journal Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol Section Abstract Doc Link 20548323 Disease Relevance 1.15 Pain Relevance 0.07

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