INT153417

Context Info Confidence 0.67 First Reported 2008 Last Reported 2010 Negated 3 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 6 Total Number 11 Disease Relevance 1.81 Pain Relevance 2.18

endoplasmic reticulum (DDOST) translation (DDOST) protein complex (DDOST)

Anatomy Link Frequency internal 1 DDOST (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Opioid 156 99.58 Buprenorphine 252 99.18 addiction 161 99.12 drug abuse 45 92.52 methadone 195 83.76 narcan 96 74.40 tolerance 14 55.12 withdrawal 10 51.44 agonist 8 29.72 mu opioid receptor 4 29.36

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Opiate Addiction 137 99.12 Personality Disorder 2 95.96 Substance Abuse 22 92.52 Cognitive Disorder 44 91.80 Death 35 85.08 Drug Dependence 63 84.00 Intellectual Impairment 4 83.96 Communicable Diseases 30 83.32 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Or Hiv Infection 69 79.00 Emergencies 6 73.12

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Several factors affect the extent to which prisons provide OST, including the varied health policies of prisons and the difficulties in employing adequate numbers and quality of prison staff [26].

Gene_expression (provide) of OST

1) Confidence 0.67 Published 2010 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2918585 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.30

SETTING: Purposively selected OST sites in Asia (China, Indonesia, Thailand), Eastern Europe (Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine), the Middle East (Iran) and Australia.

Gene_expression (sites) of OST

2) Confidence 0.59 Published 2008 Journal Addiction Section Body Doc Link 18636999 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Patients who reported no injection and no OST over the whole study period were considered as 'abstinent' and used as a reference category.

Neg (no) Gene_expression (injection) of OST

3) Confidence 0.59 Published 2008 Journal Addiction Section Body Doc Link 18778390 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0

Examples of successfully implemented OST programmes exist, and these point to effective strategies and tactics for establishing OST programmes elsewhere.

Gene_expression (programmes) of OST

4) Confidence 0.58 Published 2010 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2918585 Disease Relevance 0.14 Pain Relevance 0.20

An international survey reported in 2009 that at least 37 countries offered OST in community settings but not in prison settings [22].

Neg (not) Gene_expression (offered) of OST

5) Confidence 0.58 Published 2010 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2918585 Disease Relevance 0.13 Pain Relevance 0.66

Stakeholders should be informed that an OST programme must provide for the supply of OST medications.

Gene_expression (programme) of OST

6) Confidence 0.58 Published 2010 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2918585 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Techniques and resources to gain support for instituting an OST programme and to disseminate information in support of such a programme include initiating and maintaining contact with decision-making politicians, the media, the professional public and non-governmental organisations such as human rights agencies, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe Health in Prison Project.

Gene_expression (programme) of OST

7) Confidence 0.58 Published 2010 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2918585 Disease Relevance 0.67 Pain Relevance 0.20

Prison staffs often express a concern that an OST programme introduces the potential risk for internal diversion of maintenance drugs [17].

Gene_expression (programme) of OST in internal

8) Confidence 0.58 Published 2010 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2918585 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.14

In a 2003 survey studying organization of OST provision in 22 French prisons [42], in more than half prisons (12/22), the prison staff (especially nurses) was aware of injection practices among prisoners.

Gene_expression (provision) of OST

9) Confidence 0.58 Published 2008 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC2430551 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Buprenorphine was the main opioid of abuse before the OST admission in both groups.

Gene_expression (admission) of OST associated with opioid and buprenorphine

10) Confidence 0.54 Published 2009 Journal Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy Section Body Doc Link PMC2676265 Disease Relevance 0.27 Pain Relevance 0.46

Thus the patients feel that in regards to memory function their quality of life does not improve during the OST.

Neg (not) Gene_expression (improve) of OST

11) Confidence 0.54 Published 2009 Journal Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy Section Body Doc Link PMC2676265 Disease Relevance 0.44 Pain Relevance 0.23

General Comments

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