INT16303

Context Info Confidence 0.59 First Reported 1983 Last Reported 2010 Negated 1 Speculated 3 Reported most in Abstract Documents 89 Total Number 93 Disease Relevance 37.31 Pain Relevance 22.15

extracellular space (GH1) extracellular region (GH1)

Anatomy Link Frequency pituitary 20 plasma 16 somatotrope 6 body 6 thyroid 4 GH1 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Somatostatin 288 100.00 agonist 268 100.00 Clonidine 144 100.00 Dopamine 172 99.80 dexamethasone 30 99.80 psoriasis 5 99.80 Fibrositis 74 99.60 antagonist 153 99.52 Potency 11 99.50 Pain threshold 5 99.50

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Obesity 290 100.00 Body Weight 44 100.00 Critical Illness 27 100.00 Thyroid Disease 159 99.88 Immunization 5 99.84 Appetite Loss 116 99.80 Psoriasis 5 99.80 Pituitary Cancer 223 99.76 Aging 43 99.76 Fibromyalgia 70 99.60

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Mutation

Event

Anatomy

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Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Obesity is characterized by an impairment of GH release in response to various stimuli.

Negative_regulation (impairment) of Localization (release) of GH associated with obesity

1) Confidence 0.59 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.47 Pain Relevance 0.57

After pre-treatment with cyproheptadine, an anti-serotoninergic drug known to inhibit GH secretion, the mean integrated sumatriptan-induced GH response decreased from 14.8 +/- 3.9 muI/l*hr to 3.7 +/- 1.7 mIU/l*hr.

Negative_regulation (inhibit) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with sumatriptan

2) Confidence 0.58 Published 1994 Journal Neuropharmacology Section Abstract Doc Link 8035909 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0.52

To investigate the possible mechanism leading to the decrease in GH secretion by specific activation of delta-opioidergic pathway in man, we compared, in normal subjects, the effect of DT on GH secretion responses to two different GH secretagogues, namely arginine (ARG) and galanin (GAL).

Negative_regulation (decrease) of Localization (secretion) of GH

3) Confidence 0.58 Published 1995 Journal Regul. Pept. Section Abstract Doc Link 8570858 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.21

On the other hand, and contrary to normal subjects, dexamethasone strongly inhibited GH secretion, the values being significantly lower when calculated either as mean GH peak, or maximum GH increment (delta).

Negative_regulation (inhibited) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with dexamethasone

4) Confidence 0.57 Published 1993 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 8284031 Disease Relevance 0.13 Pain Relevance 0.45

The potency of the atropine-induced suppression of GH secretion by three different stimuli, each with presumably different mechanisms of action, suggests that acetylcholine plays an important role in the regulation of GH secretion.

Negative_regulation (suppression) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with potency

5) Confidence 0.55 Published 1984 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 6746865 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.44

Atropine completely blocked exercise-induced GH secretion (2 +/- 0.9 ng/ml).

Negative_regulation (blocked) of Localization (secretion) of GH

6) Confidence 0.55 Published 1984 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 6746865 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.46

Patients with hyperthyroidism have reduced growth hormone (GH) responses to pharmacological stimuli and reduced spontaneous nocturnal GH secretion.

Negative_regulation (reduced) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with thyroid disease

7) Confidence 0.54 Published 1991 Journal Horm. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 1823078 Disease Relevance 0.53 Pain Relevance 0.31

As CRF has been demonstrated to inhibit GH release, the authors hypothesized that within VFD-reared subjects, animals with relatively high CRF concentrations would exhibit relatively diminished GH responses to clonidine.

Negative_regulation (inhibit) of Localization (release) of GH associated with clonidine

8) Confidence 0.50 Published 2000 Journal Psychiatry Res Section Abstract Doc Link 10963795 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0.53

The wide variation in the GH half-lives reported in the literature has been explained by the use of different methodologies, and interference by the secretion of endogenous GH.23,25 A limitation of the current study therefore is that endogenous GH secretion was not suppressed.

Neg (not) Negative_regulation (suppressed) of Localization (secretion) of GH

9) Confidence 0.48 Published 2007 Journal Clinical Endocrinology Section Body Doc Link PMC2366021 Disease Relevance 0.29 Pain Relevance 0

Cyproheptadine did not have any significant effect on dental pain threshold elevations, although it suppressed the exercise-induced GH release.

Negative_regulation (suppressed) of Localization (release) of GH associated with pain threshold

10) Confidence 0.47 Published 1986 Journal Neurosci. Lett. Section Abstract Doc Link 3774237 Disease Relevance 0.44 Pain Relevance 0.62

Pituitary down-regulation was also necessary to suppress endogenous GH secretion in the healthy volunteers and to reliably calculate the PK parameters.

Negative_regulation (suppress) of Localization (secretion) of GH in Pituitary

11) Confidence 0.45 Published 2010 Journal BMC Clin Pharmacol Section Body Doc Link PMC2987775 Disease Relevance 0.36 Pain Relevance 0.14

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids inhibit GH secretion in man.

Spec (investigate) Negative_regulation (inhibit) of Localization (secretion) of GH

12) Confidence 0.43 Published 1993 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 8094392 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.10

The impairment of GH release after clonidine in obese subjects might be in a reduced serotonin release or in a failure of the hypothalamic-pituitary system to stimulate plasma GH caused by a diminished GH releasing factor stimulatory effect or by an excessive endorphin or somatostatin secretion in obesity.

Negative_regulation (diminished) of Localization (secretion) of GH in plasma associated with obesity, somatostatin, serotonin and clonidine

13) Confidence 0.43 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.63 Pain Relevance 0.70

The impairment of GH release after clonidine in obese subjects might be in a reduced serotonin release or in a failure of the hypothalamic-pituitary system to stimulate plasma GH caused by a diminished GH releasing factor stimulatory effect or by an excessive endorphin or somatostatin secretion in obesity.

Negative_regulation (impairment) of Localization (release) of GH in plasma associated with obesity, somatostatin, serotonin and clonidine

14) Confidence 0.43 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.66 Pain Relevance 0.80

The impairment of GH release after clonidine in obese subjects might be in a reduced serotonin release or in a failure of the hypothalamic-pituitary system to stimulate plasma GH caused by a diminished GH releasing factor stimulatory effect or by an excessive endorphin or somatostatin secretion in obesity.

Negative_regulation (diminished) of Localization (secretion) of GH in plasma associated with obesity, somatostatin, serotonin and clonidine

15) Confidence 0.43 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.64 Pain Relevance 0.71

The impairment of GH release after clonidine in obese subjects might be in a reduced serotonin release or in a failure of the hypothalamic-pituitary system to stimulate plasma GH caused by a diminished GH releasing factor stimulatory effect or by an excessive endorphin or somatostatin secretion in obesity.

Negative_regulation (diminished) of Localization (releasing) of GH in plasma associated with obesity, somatostatin, serotonin and clonidine

16) Confidence 0.43 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.63 Pain Relevance 0.70

We suggest that the specific activation of delta-opioid receptors in man may exert an inhibitory influence on GH secretion principally by modulating endogenous hypothalamic somatostatin (SRIH) release.

Negative_regulation (influence) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with somatostatin and delta opioid receptors

17) Confidence 0.42 Published 1995 Journal Regul. Pept. Section Abstract Doc Link 8570858 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.21

During the same period, subjects were also tested with GH-releasing hormone ([GHRH] 1 microgram/kg body weight in an intravenous [i.v.] bolus) and L-arginine, which releases GH from somatostatin inhibition (50 g in 50 mL normal saline over 30 minutes) to determine whether GH secretion in response to alternate secretagogues is preserved in alcoholics.

Spec (whether) Negative_regulation (preserved) of Localization (secretion) of GH in body associated with body weight and somatostatin

18) Confidence 0.42 Published 1995 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 8786727 Disease Relevance 0.30 Pain Relevance 0.42

Our data confirm the existence of GH-dependent feedback inhibition of GH release during childhood and suggest that this inhibition operates, at least in part, at the level of the pituitary.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of Localization (release) of GH in pituitary

19) Confidence 0.42 Published 1986 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 3082919 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.30

Consumption of the meal significantly decreased PYR-induced GH release in both women (AUC, 21.75 +/- 12.75 v 320.18 +/- 87.16 micrograms/L/90 min, P < .05) and men (AUC, 45.75 +/- 18.75 v 1,031.06 +/- 333.21 micrograms/L/90 min, P < .01).

Negative_regulation (decreased) of Localization (release) of GH

20) Confidence 0.42 Published 1997 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 9225825 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.55

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