INT1707

Context Info Confidence 0.75 First Reported 1976 Last Reported 2008 Negated 10 Speculated 2 Reported most in Abstract Documents 81 Total Number 83 Disease Relevance 8.24 Pain Relevance 59.73

Anatomy Mention Frequency brain 3 Neurons 3 neural lobe 2 gut 2 astrocytes 2

Pain Term Frequency Confidence Heat antagonist 42 100.00 opiate 408 100.00 Enkephalin 85 100.00 narcan 110 100.00 agonist 59 100.00 Immobilon 9 100.00 cocaine 8 99.98 Morphine 88 99.96 Opioid 73 99.86 epidural 4 99.76

Disease Term Frequency Confidence Heat Urological Neuroanatomy 19 99.98 Disorders Of The Lacrimal System 1 99.84 Ganglion Cysts 31 99.68 Glioma 13 99.56 Neuroblastoma 6 99.56 Diarrhoea 3 99.52 Congenital Anomalies 2 99.12 Nociception 4 99.00 Shock 7 98.64 Hypertension 7 98.24

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Some groups of transcripts, particularly GPCRs, including the opiate receptors, which are expressed in the DRG, [14] fall below the microarray detection threshold.

Gene_expression (expressed) of opiate receptors associated with dorsal root ganglion and opiate

1) Confidence 0.75 Published 2002 Journal BMC Neurosci Section Body Doc Link PMC139981 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.21

If opiate receptors are expressed by OLs in vivo, their pharmacological manipulation might provide a novel pathway for modulating OL and myelin production both during development and in demyelinated conditions.

Gene_expression (expressed) of opiate receptors associated with opiate

2) Confidence 0.75 Published 1998 Journal Glia Section Abstract Doc Link 9537839 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0.61

Opiate receptors are expressed in the cells of the CNS and the cerebrovascular bed, and their activation modulates the function of other vasoregulatory mechanisms (i.e., the autonomic nervous system, nitric oxide, prostanoids, vasopressin) that are involved in the control of the cerebrovascular tone.

Gene_expression (expressed) of Opiate receptors in autonomic nervous system associated with opiate

3) Confidence 0.75 Published 1996 Journal Cerebrovasc Brain Metab Rev Section Abstract Doc Link 8969868 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.50

Desipramine elicits the expression of opiate receptors and sulfogalactosylceramide synthesis in rat C6 glioma cells.

Gene_expression (expression) of opiate receptors associated with desipramine, opiate and glioma

4) Confidence 0.75 Published 1984 Journal J. Neurochem. Section Title Doc Link 6321658 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0.56

Thus we conclude that type 1 astrocytes do not express opiate receptors and that the in vivo effects of naltrexone are mediated indirectly via some other cell type/receptor.

Neg (not) Gene_expression (express) of opiate receptors in astrocytes associated with opiate

5) Confidence 0.75 Published 1994 Journal Glia Section Abstract Doc Link 7927646 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.98

The results indicate that opiate receptors are present in hair cells and that the neurotransmitter L-glutamate is involved in opiate action at the peripheral vestibular system of the frog.

Gene_expression (present) of opiate receptors in hair cells associated with glutamate, neurotransmitter and opiate

6) Confidence 0.75 Published 1999 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 10465463 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.36

The data suggest that opiate receptors are present in the myocardium and that morphine sulfate directly effects the myocardium causing a significant decrease in HR, CO, and aortic dP/dtmax.

Gene_expression (present) of opiate receptors in myocardium associated with opiate and morphine

7) Confidence 0.75 Published 1986 Journal Circ. Shock Section Abstract Doc Link 3719915 Disease Relevance 0.17 Pain Relevance 0.78

Thus, opiate receptors are detectable in the gut as soon as neurons can be identified.

Gene_expression (detectable) of opiate receptors in gut associated with opiate

8) Confidence 0.75 Published 1980 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 6244879 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.36

However, the capacity of enkephalin [D-Ala2D-Leu5] to block the stimulation of cyclic AMP synthesis by PGE1 was not related to the number of opiate receptors expressed.

Gene_expression (expressed) of opiate receptors in PGE1 associated with opiate and enkephalin

9) Confidence 0.75 Published 1983 Journal J. Neurochem. Section Abstract Doc Link 6311983 Disease Relevance 0.17 Pain Relevance 0.69

Expression of functional opiate receptors in neurotumor cells appeared to require glycosylation, as treatment of such cells with tunicamycin (TM; under conditions where de novo glycosylation of asparagine residues in protein was reduced by 80%, but overall protein and DNA synthesis were inhibited by less than 10%) resulted in the loss of 50% of the opiate binding sites.

Gene_expression (Expression) of opiate receptors associated with opiate

10) Confidence 0.75 Published 1983 Journal J. Neurochem. Section Abstract Doc Link 6311984 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.59

Neurons and astroglia not only express specific types of opiate receptors, but also respond functionally to opioids with altered rates of proliferation and growth.

Gene_expression (express) of opiate receptors in Neurons associated with opiate and opioid

11) Confidence 0.75 Published 1998 Journal Glia Section Abstract Doc Link 9537839 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.57

Opiate receptors are present in the rat testis.

Gene_expression (present) of Opiate receptors in testis associated with opiate

12) Confidence 0.75 Published 1985 Journal Endocrinology Section Title Doc Link 2998740 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.87

Biochemical, molecular and pharmacological evidence for two unique six-transmembrane helical (TMH) domain opiate receptors expressed from the micro opioid receptor (MOR) gene have been shown.

Gene_expression (expressed) of opiate receptors associated with opioid receptor and opiate

13) Confidence 0.75 Published 2007 Journal Med. Sci. Monit. Section Abstract Doc Link 18049446 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.38

BACKGROUND: Invertebrates express opiate receptors and synthesize opiate alkaloids such as morphine and morphine-6beta-glucuronide.

Gene_expression (express) of opiate receptors associated with opiate and morphine

14) Confidence 0.75 Published 2006 Journal Med. Sci. Monit. Section Abstract Doc Link 16733476 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.59

Primary cultures, enriched in neurones or astroglial cells, from three phylogenetically different regions of the brain of the rat, the cerebral cortex, the striatum and the brain stem, were used to investigate the presence of opiate receptors, coupled to adenylate cyclase.

Spec (investigate) Gene_expression (presence) of opiate receptors in cerebral cortex associated with opiate and cerebral cortex

15) Confidence 0.75 Published 1991 Journal Neuropharmacology Section Abstract Doc Link 1663598 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.84

Embryonic lesions of the substantia nigra prevent the patchy expression of opiate receptors, but not the segregation of patch and matrix compartment neurons, in the developing rat striatum.

Gene_expression (expression) of opiate receptors in striatum associated with substantia nigra and opiate

16) Confidence 0.75 Published 1992 Journal Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. Section Title Doc Link 1318172 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.41

Opiate binding sites on cultured neurons derived from 6-day-old (E6) chick embryo cerebral hemispheres (CH), shown to be cholinergic by choline acetyltransferase immunostaining, were labeled with [3H]etorphine (mu and delta opiate receptors expression) and [3H]morphine (mostly mu).

Gene_expression (expression) of opiate receptors in embryo associated with opiate, morphine and immobilon

17) Confidence 0.75 Published 1991 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 1651142 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.67

These studies provide evidence that human B cell lines express functional opiate receptors of the mu- and kappa-types and suggest that such receptors, coupled with Ca2+ modulation, are instrumental in the B cell response to opiates and endogenous opioid neuropeptides.

Gene_expression (express) of opiate receptors in B cell associated with neuropeptide, endogenous opioid and opiate

18) Confidence 0.75 Published 1992 Journal J. Immunol. Section Abstract Doc Link 1334111 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.45

This suggests that the opiate receptors within the neural lobe may be present on pituicytes rather than on neurosecretory fibres.

Gene_expression (present) of opiate receptors in neural lobe associated with opiate

19) Confidence 0.65 Published 1983 Journal Nature Section Abstract Doc Link 6310415 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.68

Protection of opiate receptors in NG108-15 against modification by N-ethylmaleimide.

Gene_expression (Protection) of opiate receptors in NG108-15 associated with narcan and opiate

20) Confidence 0.65 Published 1983 Journal J. Neurosci. Section Title Doc Link 6296330 Disease Relevance 0.19 Pain Relevance 0.70

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