INT18372

Context Info Confidence 0.69 First Reported 1988 Last Reported 2010 Negated 1 Speculated 1 Reported most in Abstract Documents 30 Total Number 31 Disease Relevance 2.48 Pain Relevance 12.83

extracellular region (Pdyn) plasma membrane (Pdyn)

Anatomy Link Frequency nucleus accumbens 7 myocytes 6 hippocampus 4 amygdala 3 caudate nucleus 2 Pdyn (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Dynorphin 62 100.00 Enkephalin 52 100.00 Neuropeptide 19 100.00 Opioid 42 99.92 Hippocampus 11 99.90 nMDA receptor 6 99.84 Kappa opioid receptor 3 99.80 Analgesic 1 99.76 amygdala 21 99.68 Nucleus accumbens 38 99.64

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Hyperphagia 2 99.98 Convulsion 12 99.82 Partial Seizures 3 99.00 Arthritis 6 98.48 Targeted Disruption 1 96.24 Urological Neuroanatomy 2 91.84 Drug Dependence 7 91.72 Inflammatory Pain 2 89.84 Coronary Heart Disease 2 75.00 Syndrome 1 63.64

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Our results show an increase in the PDYN mRNA level in the CEA and NAcc shell and no changes of PENK gene expression after heroin self-administration.

Positive_regulation (increase) of Transcription (level) of PDYN in NAcc associated with nucleus accumbens and amygdala

1) Confidence 0.69 Published 2009 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 19100723 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.52

These observations suggest that, at variance with other experimental situations, Fos is not involved in the mechanisms of kindled seizure-induced activation of prodynorphin transcription in the rat forebrain.

Positive_regulation (activation) of Transcription (transcription) of prodynorphin in forebrain associated with convulsion

2) Confidence 0.67 Published 1996 Journal Eur. J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 8921296 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0.04

At 3 h after the last dose of imipramine the prodynorphin mRNA level was decreased (by ca. 25%) in the striatum, but not in the nucleus accumbens, whereas at 24 h an up-regulation (by ca. 27%) of prodynorphin mRNA level could be observed in the nucleus accumbens only.

Positive_regulation (up-regulation) of Transcription (level) of prodynorphin mRNA in nucleus accumbens associated with nucleus accumbens

3) Confidence 0.50 Published 1997 Journal Pol J Pharmacol Section Abstract Doc Link 9566035 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.41

In the present study, involvement of Fos in the mechanism of the PENK and PDYN gene induction in the hippocampal dentate gyrus during seizures elicited by kainic acid was studied using a knock-down technique.

Positive_regulation (induction) of Transcription (mechanism) of PDYN gene in dentate gyrus associated with targeted disruption and convulsion

4) Confidence 0.50 Published 1998 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9555037 Disease Relevance 0.35 Pain Relevance 0.07

Evidence from the Northern blot analysis reveals that lithium increases the prodynorphin mRNA abundance in the striatum.

Positive_regulation (increases) of Transcription (abundance) of prodynorphin mRNA in striatum

5) Confidence 0.49 Published 1988 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 2898269 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.29

The effect of L-arginine (L-ARG), a nitric oxide donor, or Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on the regulation of kainic acid (KA)-induced proenkephalin (proENK) and prodynorphin (proDYN) mRNA expressions in rat hippocampus was studied.

Positive_regulation (-induced) of Transcription (expressions) of prodynorphin in hippocampus associated with hippocampus

6) Confidence 0.49 Published 1998 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9602069 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

When compared with data from the literature, our results suggest that translation may immediately follow transcription of prodynorphin gene in the supraoptic nucleus.

Spec (may) Positive_regulation (follow) of Transcription (transcription) of prodynorphin gene in supraoptic nucleus

7) Confidence 0.46 Published 1993 Journal Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 8222211 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.16

Amphetamine-induced preprodynorphin mRNA expression and kappa-opioid receptor binding in basal ganglia of adult rats after prenatal exposure to diazepam.

Positive_regulation (induced) of Transcription (expression) of preprodynorphin in basal ganglia associated with analgesic and kappa opioid receptor

8) Confidence 0.46 Published 1997 Journal Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res. Section Title Doc Link 9027410 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.26

In vitro run-off transcription assays indicated that transcription of the prodynorphin gene was increased both in nuclei isolated from phorbol ester-treated myocytes and in nuclei isolated from control cells and then exposed to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Transcription (transcription) of prodynorphin gene in myocytes

9) Confidence 0.46 Published 1995 Journal J. Biol. Chem. Section Abstract Doc Link 8530417 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.34

Chronic amphetamine (2.5 mg/kg twice daily for 5 days) administration decreased proenkephalin and increased prodynorphin mRNA level in the central nucleus of the amygdala (at 24 and 48 h).

Positive_regulation (increased) of Transcription (level) of prodynorphin in amygdala associated with amygdala

10) Confidence 0.45 Published 2002 Journal Pol J Pharmacol Section Abstract Doc Link 12523490 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0.99

A dramatic increase in the concentration of prodynorphin mRNA (+300-550%) and a less pronounced elevation of that of dynorphin-like material (+40-50%) were found in the dorsal part of cervical and lumbar segments of the spinal cord in rats rendered arthritic by an intradermal injection of Freund's adjuvant four weeks prior to these measurements.

Positive_regulation (increase) of Transcription (concentration) of prodynorphin in spinal cord associated with dynorphin, arthritis and spinal cord

11) Confidence 0.45 Published 1997 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9070623 Disease Relevance 0.34 Pain Relevance 0.52

Striatal proenkephalin and prodynorphin messenger RNA levels were increased and decreased, respectively, after complete 6-hydroxydopamine lesion.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Transcription (levels) of prodynorphin

12) Confidence 0.45 Published 1993 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 8232904 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.75

In contrast, the level of prodynorphin mRNA was significantly increased in this structure after cocaine.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Transcription (level) of prodynorphin associated with cocaine

13) Confidence 0.45 Published 2002 Journal Pol J Pharmacol Section Abstract Doc Link 12523490 Disease Relevance 0.17 Pain Relevance 0.73

In contrast, METH injection caused increases in Pdyn mRNA levels in the control animals and in the intact side of 6-OHDA-injected rats.

Positive_regulation (increases) of Transcription (levels) of Pdyn

14) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3001483 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.18

Palatability-induced hyperphagia increases hypothalamic Dynorphin peptide and mRNA levels.

Positive_regulation (increases) of Transcription (levels) of Dynorphin associated with hyperphagia and dynorphin

15) Confidence 0.43 Published 1996 Journal Brain Res. Section Title Doc Link 8793092 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.46

Hypothalamic Dynorphin A1-17 and proDynorphin mRNA levels are stimulated by feeding a highly palatable diet rich in fat and sucrose.

Positive_regulation (stimulated) of Transcription (levels) of Dynorphin in fat associated with dynorphin

16) Confidence 0.43 Published 1996 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 8793092 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.51

In the hippocampus (1) prodynorphin mRNA levels transiently increase (threefold) 1 h after kindled seizures, and return to baseline by 2 h, and (2) dynorphin A levels are slightly decreased at 1 h, but increase (twofold) at 2 h and return to baseline by 6 h.

Positive_regulation (increase) of Transcription (levels) of prodynorphin in hippocampus associated with convulsion, dynorphin and hippocampus

17) Confidence 0.40 Published 1999 Journal J. Mol. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 10691294 Disease Relevance 0.78 Pain Relevance 0.49

The phorbol ester-induced increase in prodynorphin gene transcription was prevented by pretreatment of myocytes or isolated nuclei with staurosporine, suggesting that myocardial opioid gene expression may be regulated by nuclear protein kinase C.

Positive_regulation (increase) of Transcription (transcription) of prodynorphin gene in myocytes associated with kinase c and opioid

18) Confidence 0.40 Published 1995 Journal J. Biol. Chem. Section Abstract Doc Link 8530417 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.46

Preprodynorphin messenger RNA expression was increased in a patchy motif in the caudatoputamen and nucleus accumbens beginning at 2 h and returning to basal levels by 30 h after injection of either drug.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Transcription (expression) of Preprodynorphin in nucleus accumbens associated with nucleus accumbens

19) Confidence 0.39 Published 1995 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 7477938 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.22

Elevation of striatal and accumbal preproenkephalin, preprotachykinin and preprodynorphin mRNA abundance subsequent to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade with MK-801.

Positive_regulation (Elevation) of Transcription (abundance) of preprodynorphin associated with nmda receptor and enkephalin

20) Confidence 0.38 Published 1995 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Title Doc Link 7769991 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.51

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