INT192450
From wiki-pain
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Sentences Mentioned In
Key: | Protein | Mutation | Event | Anatomy | Negation | Speculation | Pain term | Disease term |
To further validate the findings obtained from the initial screen, we have selected these genes (CLTC, AP2B1, DNM2, ARRB1, ATP6V0A1 & ARPC1B) for re-confirming their inhibitory effects on DENV infection. | |||||||||||||||
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To determine whether the different serotypes of DENV (DENV 1 to 4) utilized clathrin-mediated endocytosis to gain entry into Huh7 cells, cells were reverse-transfected with different concentration of siRNAs that target clathrin heavy chain (CLTC) and subjected to DENV 1 to 4 infection (MOI of 1). | |||||||||||||||
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85.8% of those receiving a single injection developed anti-CHC antibodies, with 100% of patients testing positive following three injections. | |||||||||||||||
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85.8% of those receiving a single in vivo CHC injection into DD-affected cords developed anti-CHC antibodies, with 100% of patients testing positive following three injections. | |||||||||||||||
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To determine whether the different serotypes of DENV (DENV 1 to 4) utilized clathrin-mediated endocytosis to gain entry into Huh7 cells, cells were reverse-transfected with different concentration of siRNAs that target clathrin heavy chain (CLTC) and subjected to DENV 1 to 4 infection (MOI of 1). | |||||||||||||||
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The knock-down of ATP6V0A1 and CLTC (at concentration of 50 nM) produced the strongest inhibition of DENV infection. siRNA smart pool-based deconvolution assays targeting CLTC, AP2B1, DNM2, ARRB1, ATP6V0A1 and ARPC1B were also performed to ensure that inhibitory effects on DENV infection observed in the primary screen was specific and not due to off-target gene effects of the siRNA primary screen. 30 nM of each specific individual siRNA of the smart pool (4 specific siRNAs) directed against each of the respective genes were reverse transfected into RD cells and subsequently subjected to DENV infection. | |||||||||||||||
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All patients had a single CHC injection, six into MCPJ and two into PIPJ; however, varying injection dosages were administered, and not all patients achieved the primary goal of extension to ? | |||||||||||||||
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Of these 23, only eight were alive, contactable at the same address, available within the study period and received a CHC injection and thus were eligible for reevaluation to assess the state of their DD since the study. | |||||||||||||||
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These papers have investigated safe and efficacious doses for the injection of CHC to treat palpable DD cords in adult patients and have shown significant short- to mid-term results for correction to near-full digital extension (? | |||||||||||||||
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CHC produced no alteration in volume in the injected hypertrophic scars. | |||||||||||||||
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Overall, the authors concluded CHC injection to be safe, effective, and less-invasive treatment option for the management of DD contractures. | |||||||||||||||
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The toxicity of intravenously injected CHC in mice was explored by Garvin Jr86 who showed a median lethal dose of 1,176 ± 208 U/kg the main signs of toxicity were pulmonary hemorrhage and disseminated tissue digestion. | |||||||||||||||
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In view of this requirement for meticulous technique, it is clear that CHC injection will remain, based on the need for sound anatomical knowledge and manual dexterity, within the surgeons remit. | |||||||||||||||
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In another study, they showed that CHC injected epidurally resulted in local dural thinning at higher concentrations, whereas even small concentrations of CHC injected intrathecally resulted in intrathecal hemorrhage and acute paraplegia. | |||||||||||||||
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This allowed extrapolation that a CHC injection of 300 U was the minimum potential dose for in vivo clinical use that would result in DD cord rupture (and hence correction of the fixed flexion deformity) following normal active digital extension. | |||||||||||||||
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85.8% of those receiving a single in vivo CHC injection into DD-affected cords developed anti-CHC antibodies, with 100% of patients testing positive following three injections. | |||||||||||||||
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Despite this lack of cellular sequelae, the manufacturers of the CHC Xiaflex® advise that CHC injection has not been tested in pregnant, breast-feeding, or pediatric populations in whom its safety and efficacy have not yet been established. | |||||||||||||||
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Surgery is, however, likely to remain a valid treatment option, especially for recurrent cases following CHC injection, in patients with the aggressive form of the disease (strong diathesis), and in those patients with PIPJ involvement (which appears to not respond as favorably to the CHC-based technique when compared with simple MCPJ disease). | |||||||||||||||
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Indeed, Hamilton et al74 demonstrated such an immune response to injection of CHC for the treatment of PD plaques: pretreatment, anticollagenase IgG was detected in 34% of the healthy controls vs 58% of untreated PD patients. | |||||||||||||||
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Adverse effects of CHC injection were the same as detailed in the authors previous paper, remaining locally confined and well tolerated, with the addition of three superficial skin tears secondary to rapid stretching of the overlying skin during cord rupture. | |||||||||||||||
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General Comments
This test has worked.