INT200900

Context Info Confidence 0.40 First Reported 2006 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 9 Total Number 9 Disease Relevance 5.76 Pain Relevance 0.84

cytosol (Mapk8) signal transduction (Mapk8) mitochondrion (Mapk8) nucleus (Mapk8) kinase activity (Mapk8) cytoplasm (Mapk8)

Anatomy Link Frequency nucleus 1 Appendix 1 body 1 Mapk8 (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Kinase C 22 99.76 Inflammation 52 95.44 Arthritis 10 93.48 ischemia 69 89.08 bDMF 24 86.48 rheumatoid arthritis 6 80.80 psoriasis 3 79.04 Hippocampus 23 67.20 Dopamine 113 55.00 long-term potentiation 4 54.64

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Apoptosis 112 100.00 Cancer 44 100.00 Disease 10 96.24 Death 48 95.84 INFLAMMATION 56 95.44 Autoimmune Disease 12 94.76 Stress 34 94.40 Arthritis 10 93.48 Hepatocellular Cancer 2 89.96 Injury 45 89.52

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Three mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase, (ERK) and p38 kinase (p38), were investigated using Western immunoblots.

Localization (kinase) of JNK

1) Confidence 0.40 Published 2007 Journal BMC Neurosci Section Body Doc Link PMC2089075 Disease Relevance 1.10 Pain Relevance 0

and JNK, generation and accumulation of ROS and elimination/excretion of As from the body.

Localization (excretion) of JNK in body

2) Confidence 0.38 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2935368 Disease Relevance 0.89 Pain Relevance 0.24

We observed significant increases in the phosphorylation of JNK and ERK (normalized to total protein) in 2CLP monolayers compared to sham (Figure 9).

Localization (normalized) of JNK

3) Confidence 0.33 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2892473 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

JNK is known to phosphorylate many cellular proteins, including several implicated in apoptosis, and can translocate to the nucleus to activate c-Jun and AP-1-mediated gene transcription, leading to transcription of pro-death genes [62].

Localization (translocate) of JNK in nucleus associated with apoptosis and death

4) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2866326 Disease Relevance 0.92 Pain Relevance 0.30

In time course analyses, we examined a panel of transcription factors [18], [28], [29], and established the kinetics of nuclear accumulation of p-WOX1, c-Jun, ATF3, JNK, NF-?

Localization (accumulation) of JNK

5) Confidence 0.09 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2771921 Disease Relevance 0.44 Pain Relevance 0.03

The various MAPKs, especially ERK2 and p38 are known to be activated by ACs, and in rare cases (though sometimes reciprocal) even JNK.

Localization (reciprocal) of JNK

6) Confidence 0.08 Published 2006 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC1762427 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0.05

Elk-1 is reportedly down-stream of ERK 1/2, MAPK, and JNK (Fig. 2; Web Appendix) [13, 28].

Localization (stream) of JNK in Appendix

7) Confidence 0.08 Published 2009 Journal Pflugers Arch Section Body Doc Link PMC2691531 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0

Andrographolide induces apoptosis in human cancer cells via the activation of caspase 8, pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members Bax conformational change, release of cytochrome C from mitochondria and activation of caspase cascade [52] and/or via the activation of tumour suppressor p53 by ROS-dependent c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, thereby increasing p53 phosphorylation and protein stabilization [53,54].

Localization (release) of JNK associated with cancer and apoptosis

8) Confidence 0.06 Published 2010 Journal Chin Med Section Body Doc Link PMC2881933 Disease Relevance 1.16 Pain Relevance 0

A number of drugs targeting the kinases p38, JNK, MEK, IKK2, JAK3, Lck, and Syk are currently undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of diseases related to inflammation and autoimmunity.

Localization (targeting) of JNK associated with autoimmune disease, inflammation and disease

9) Confidence 0.04 Published 2008 Journal Purinergic Signal Section Body Doc Link PMC2721774 Disease Relevance 0.97 Pain Relevance 0.22

General Comments

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