INT20098

Context Info Confidence 0.64 First Reported 1981 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Abstract Documents 11 Total Number 11 Disease Relevance 4.78 Pain Relevance 2.07

peptidase activity (PGC) extracellular space (PGC) extracellular region (PGC) nucleolus (PGC) nucleus (PGC)

Anatomy Link Frequency lumen 2 gastric juice 2 esophagus 1 PGC (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat peptic ulcer disease 13 99.72 aspirin 76 99.40 tolerance 7 98.64 Bile 16 97.66 cINOD 3 96.36 abdominal pain 6 90.00 antagonist 2 87.32 fibrosis 1 37.72 Pain 4 25.00 Central nervous system 3 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Ulcers 31 99.72 Duodenal Ulcer 9 99.24 Disease 23 99.20 INFLAMMATION 2 96.16 Frailty 5 93.04 Metaplasia 1 90.76 Abdominal Pain 6 90.00 Peptic Ulcer 5 89.52 Rheumatic Diseases 1 87.16 Hypoglycemia 2 75.00

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

OBJECTIVE: Human gastric juice contains a multiplicity of proteinases, and one enzyme (pepsin 1) is increased in patients with peptic ulcer disease.

Positive_regulation (increased) of pepsin in gastric juice associated with peptic ulcer disease and disease

1) Confidence 0.64 Published 2007 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 17454875 Disease Relevance 0.27 Pain Relevance 0.10

During continuous intravenous pentagastrin to 11 subjects for 60 min, the mean concentration and secretion rates per minute rose to 24 microg/ml and 122 microg/min at 60 min; the proportion of pepsin 1 to total pepsin was 2.8% in basal secretions increasing to 7.8% in the 60 to 70-min samples.

Positive_regulation (proportion) of pepsin

2) Confidence 0.46 Published 2007 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Body Doc Link 17454875 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Pepsin in gastric juice will rapidly dissolve this mucus cover and can be active up to luminal pH values of 5.

Positive_regulation (active) of Pepsin in gastric juice

3) Confidence 0.27 Published 1985 Journal Dig. Dis. Sci. Section Abstract Doc Link 3932055 Disease Relevance 0.19 Pain Relevance 0.13

Recently, a radioimmunoassay specific for group I pepsinogens (PgI), one of two immunochemically distinct groups of human pepsinogens or precursor zymogens of pepsin, has been developed.

Positive_regulation (groups) of pepsin

4) Confidence 0.18 Published 1981 Journal Clin Pediatr (Phila) Section Abstract Doc Link 7226682 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0.45

The authors speculated that pepsin and bile acids in weakly acidic conditions could be relevant for Barrett's transformation.42 They suggested that proteolytic activity of pepsin is maintained up to pH 5.5 and denaturation occurs at pH > 7.43 Furthermore, bile acids can impair esophageal mucosal integrity also in a weakly acidic environment.32 Therefore, the authors suggested that regression of intestinal metaplasia with long-term PPI therapy would not be expected with persistence of weakly acidic containing bile acids, and in fact it has been reported that regression can occur in only 30% of short-segment Barrett's esophagus patients.44 The Role of DGER in PPI Failure

Positive_regulation (activity) of pepsin in esophagus associated with bile and metaplasia

5) Confidence 0.10 Published 2010 Journal Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility Section Body Doc Link PMC2912118 Disease Relevance 0.30 Pain Relevance 0.17

[Determination of serum pepsinogen I and II for assessment of gastroduodenal tolerance of S(+) ibuprofen].

Positive_regulation ([Determination) of pepsinogen I and II associated with tolerance

6) Confidence 0.07 Published 1994 Journal Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. Section Title Doc Link 8197755 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 0.15

This drug, a basic amino salt of sucrose octosulphate , acts by binding to the protein of the matrix of the ulcer crater, thus coating the ulcer against the aggressive principle of acid-pepsin and probably also by a cytoprotective effect.

Positive_regulation (principle) of acid-pepsin associated with ulcers

7) Confidence 0.02 Published 1984 Journal S. Afr. Med. J. Section Abstract Doc Link 6374932 Disease Relevance 0.97 Pain Relevance 0.25

Current evidence does not suggest that the increase in dyspeptic symptoms or ulceration in older people taking aspirin is related to an age-related increase in the aggressive factors: gastric acid or pepsin.

Positive_regulation (increase) of pepsin associated with aspirin

8) Confidence 0.01 Published 2006 Journal Clinical Interventions in Aging Section Body Doc Link PMC2682452 Disease Relevance 0.21 Pain Relevance 0.31

One marker in particular, an elevated level of serum pepsinogen I (PG I), a pepsin precursor produced by the gastric mucosa, secreted into the stomach lumen and also appearing in the bloodstream, has been found to be associated with a subgroup of duodenal ulcer patients.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of pepsin precursor in lumen associated with duodenal ulcer

9) Confidence 0.01 Published 1983 Journal Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. Section Abstract Doc Link 6624902 Disease Relevance 0.70 Pain Relevance 0.16

One marker in particular, an elevated level of serum pepsinogen I (PG I), a pepsin precursor produced by the gastric mucosa, secreted into the stomach lumen and also appearing in the bloodstream, has been found to be associated with a subgroup of duodenal ulcer patients.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of pepsin precursor in lumen associated with duodenal ulcer

10) Confidence 0.01 Published 1983 Journal Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. Section Abstract Doc Link 6624902 Disease Relevance 0.70 Pain Relevance 0.16

Average serum pepsinogen levels also are higher than normal in patients with duodenal ulcer disease, suggesting that luminal pepsin concentrations also are higher.

Positive_regulation (higher) of serum pepsinogen associated with duodenal ulcer

11) Confidence 0.00 Published 1990 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. Section Abstract Doc Link 2119515 Disease Relevance 0.93 Pain Relevance 0.20

General Comments

This test has worked.