INT218032

Context Info Confidence 0.14 First Reported 2007 Last Reported 2009 Negated 0 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 16 Total Number 16 Disease Relevance 1.04 Pain Relevance 1.06

Anatomy Link Frequency body 6 head 4 nucleus accumbens 2 neuronal 1 medial 1 NYS3 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Nucleus accumbens 30 97.06 projection neuron 150 85.84 Enkephalin 480 82.76 interneuron 60 72.44 Dynorphin 15 44.68 Neuropeptide 30 43.04 addiction 5 17.52 GABAergic 60 5.00 gABA 30 5.00 Thalamus 30 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Congenital Nystagmus 32 100.00 Decompression Sickness 15 98.12 Cognitive Disorder 45 95.12 Disease 62 5.00 Aging 30 5.00 Neurodegenerative Disease 30 5.00 Schizophrenia 15 5.00 Supranuclear Palsy 15 5.00 Pathologic Processes 15 5.00 Ocular Toxicity (including Many Sub-types) 3 5.00

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

This study was carried out using stereological methods to examine the volume and density (cells/mm3) of these interneurons, as visualized by choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunoreactivity, in the following territories of the CN and Put of nine normal human brains: 1) precommissural head; 2) postcommissural head; 3) body; 4) gyrus and 5) tail of the CN; 6) precommissural and 7) postcommissural Put.

Gene_expression (gyrus) of CN in body

1) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.08

Precommissural striatum includes the precommissural head of the CN and the precommmissural Put (Fig. 1A).

Gene_expression (head) of CN in head

2) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.30

We have also analyzed ChAT-ir neuronal density in the various functional domains included in each of the seven territories in which the CN and Put were divided, and these results are depicted in Fig. 3D.

Gene_expression (divided) of CN in neuronal

3) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

To determine whether the density of the cholinergic neurons varied along the dorsoventral and mediolateral axes in each territory of the CN and Put, we subdivided the largest striatal territories (i.e. the precommissural and postcommissural CN head and the precommissural and postcommisural Put) into four sectors: dorsomedial, ventromedial, dorsolateral and ventrolateral (Fig. 1Aa–c).

Gene_expression (head) of CN in head

4) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.04

The CN continues posteriorly with the body, which ends when it bends ventrally and gives rise to the gyrus of the CN.

Gene_expression (continues) of CN in body associated with decompression sickness

5) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.09

The striatum (caudate nucleus, CN, and putamen, Put) is a group of subcortical nuclei involved in planning and executing voluntary movements as well as in cognitive processes.

Gene_expression (caudate nucleus) of CN in striatum associated with cognitive disorder

6) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.08

Thus, we have compared the data of those sectors in which the cortical projections are mainly associative (dorsomedial sector of the CN head, CN body and CN gyrus), sensorimotor (postcommissural Put, excluding its posteroventral aspect) and limbic (posteroventral Put).

Gene_expression (head) of CN in body

7) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.04

CN postcommissural head

Gene_expression (head) of CN in head

8) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The associative territory almost comprises the whole extension of the CN, with the exception of the dorsolateral rim of its head and a small medial portion of the CN tail, and the precommissural Put.

Gene_expression (extension) of CN in medial

9) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0.05 Pain Relevance 0.04

The ChAT-ir neurons are larger in the precommissural territory of the CN head than postcommissurally, and this difference is statistically significant (ANOVA and Tamhane; P?

Gene_expression (head) of CN in head

10) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.18

The main component of the limbic striatum is the nucleus accumbens, although there are other regions in the so-called dorsal striatum in which the limbic projections overlap with the associative ones: the ventral sector of both the CN head and precommissural Put and the medial rim of the CN tail.

Gene_expression (sector) of CN in nucleus accumbens associated with nucleus accumbens

11) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.05

Thus, we have compared the data of those sectors in which the cortical projections are mainly associative (dorsomedial sector of the CN head, CN body and CN gyrus), sensorimotor (postcommissural Put, excluding its posteroventral aspect) and limbic (posteroventral Put).

Gene_expression (body) of CN in body

12) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.04

Thus, we have compared the data of those sectors in which the cortical projections are mainly associative (dorsomedial sector of the CN head, CN body and CN gyrus), sensorimotor (postcommissural Put, excluding its posteroventral aspect) and limbic (posteroventral Put).

Gene_expression (gyrus) of CN in body

13) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.04

The main component of the limbic striatum is the nucleus accumbens, although there are other regions in the so-called dorsal striatum in which the limbic projections overlap with the associative ones: the ventral sector of both the CN head and precommissural Put and the medial rim of the CN tail.

Gene_expression (sector) of CN in nucleus accumbens associated with nucleus accumbens

14) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.05

The CN body and gyrus are exclusively associative, whereas associative and limbic projections overlap in the CN tail [40].

Gene_expression (body) of CN in body

15) Confidence 0.14 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2137841 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.05

Here we examined the occurrence of both reversed OKR and CN in single isolated looping larvae and the result revealed that all looping bel mutants also exhibited reversed OKR (100%, N?

Spec (examined) Gene_expression (occurrence) of CN associated with congenital nystagmus

16) Confidence 0.09 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2717804 Disease Relevance 0.72 Pain Relevance 0

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