INT245172

Context Info Confidence 0.43 First Reported 2008 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 2 Reported most in Body Documents 19 Total Number 22 Disease Relevance 12.97 Pain Relevance 1.65

cell differentiation (MDK) signal transduction (MDK) extracellular region (MDK)

Anatomy Link Frequency lung 10 HPAC 6 skin 4 colon 3 CFPAC-1 3 MDK (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat corticosteroid 64 100.00 dexamethasone 384 99.44 bDMF 36 96.68 Inflammation 16 92.08 Nerve growth factor 18 32.80 palliative 11 26.68 ketamine 11 5.00 anesthesia 11 5.00 alcohol 8 5.00 fifth nerve 3 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Rheumatoid Arthritis 368 99.98 Pancreatic Cancer 561 99.84 Malignant Neoplastic Disease 55 99.36 Cancer 404 99.28 Gastrointestinal Neoplasms 11 98.56 Apoptosis 11 96.96 INFLAMMATION 8 92.08 Neurodegenerative Disease 11 90.84 Targeted Disruption 24 87.76 Hypoxia 8 84.44

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

According to present data, among the factors identified in the antler, only Midkine is significantly overexpressed in the antler velvet with respect to normal skin, suggesting a possible role promoting fast axonal growth.

Positive_regulation (overexpressed) of Gene_expression (overexpressed) of Midkine in skin

1) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The only exception is Midkine, which was significantly overexpressed in the velvet respect to frontal skin samples, though not respect to pedicle skin.

Positive_regulation (overexpressed) of Gene_expression (overexpressed) of Midkine in skin

2) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0

Only Midkine expression appeared significantly upregulated in velvet compared to frontal samples, although it remained unchanged compared to pedicle.

Spec (appeared) Positive_regulation (upregulated) of Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine

3) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.11

Midkine expression was increased in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer tissues.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine associated with pancreatic cancer

4) Confidence 0.36 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast, Ad5MK had no effect on AsPC-1 cells as far as the designated conditions, although these cells showed strong midkine expression.

Positive_regulation (strong) of Gene_expression (expression) of midkine in AsPC-1

5) Confidence 0.36 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.40 Pain Relevance 0

MK expression increased 10-fold during cell culture without hormones or serum.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK

6) Confidence 0.34 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.40 Pain Relevance 0.21

Midkine mRNA expression was strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cells, but it was weak in MIAPaCa-2 cells.

Positive_regulation (strong) of Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine mRNA in CFPAC-1

7) Confidence 0.27 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0

While these observations provided a potential mechanism for the integration of GC and retinoid effects in late gestation fetal lung development, whether GC and RA also influence MK gene expression during postnatal lung development remained unknown.

Spec (whether) Positive_regulation (influence) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK gene in lung associated with rheumatoid arthritis

8) Confidence 0.25 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0

Midkine expression is increased in various human tumors, including gastrointestinal cancers [19-22].

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine associated with cancer and gastrointestinal neoplasms

9) Confidence 0.24 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.82 Pain Relevance 0

Both midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression were strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cell liens, moderate in BxPC-3, HPAC, and Suit-2 cell lines, and weak in PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cell lines.

Positive_regulation (strong) of Gene_expression (expression) of midkine protein in HPAC

10) Confidence 0.24 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 1.06 Pain Relevance 0

Midkine expression is increased in a number of malignant tumors, including esophageal, stomach, colon, hepatocellular, breast and pancreatic carcinoma, when compared with the level of expression in adjacent non-cancerous tissues [19-22].

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine in colon associated with malignant neoplastic disease and pancreatic cancer

11) Confidence 0.24 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 1.07 Pain Relevance 0

Both midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression were strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cell liens, moderate in BxPC-3, HPAC, and Suit-2 cell lines, and weak in PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cell lines.

Positive_regulation (strong) of Gene_expression (expression) of midkine mRNA in HPAC

12) Confidence 0.24 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 1.08 Pain Relevance 0

High levels of MK expression are observed at embryonic day (E)13-16.5 and then again at postnatal days 5-12, primarily in respiratory epithelium early in lung development and increasingly localized to lung stroma and pulmonary blood vessels postnatally [21].

Positive_regulation (levels) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK in epithelium

13) Confidence 0.23 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 0

We hypothesized that MK expression in both lungs and in isolated AT2 cells would be decreased by corticosteroids and increased by RA.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK in lungs associated with corticosteroid and rheumatoid arthritis

14) Confidence 0.23 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.64 Pain Relevance 0.12

DEX treatment of rat pups decreased, and RA treatment increased lung MK expression, whereas concurrent DEX+RA treatment prevented the DEX-induced decrease in MK expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK in lung associated with rheumatoid arthritis and dexamethasone

15) Confidence 0.20 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.68 Pain Relevance 0.48

Further, in the normal developing lung, MK expression increases from PN2, peaks at PN4, and decreases thereafter [8].

Positive_regulation (increases) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK in lung

16) Confidence 0.20 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.66 Pain Relevance 0.26

This finding is in concordance with Matsuura et al. who showed a transient increase in MK expression in normal lungs between two to seven days postnatally [8].

Positive_regulation (increase) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK in lungs

17) Confidence 0.20 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.38 Pain Relevance 0.04

Using human alveolar type 2 (AT2)-like cells differentiated in culture, we confirmed that DEX and cAMP decreased, and RA increased MK expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of MK associated with rheumatoid arthritis and dexamethasone

18) Confidence 0.20 Published 2009 Journal Respir Res Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2739515 Disease Relevance 0.64 Pain Relevance 0.44

Midkine mRNA expression was strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cells, but it was weak in MIAPaCa-2 cells.

Positive_regulation (strong) of in AsPC-1 Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine mRNA in CFPAC-1

19) Confidence 0.09 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0

Both midkine mRNA expression and midkine protein expression were strong in AsPC-1 and CFPAC-1 cell liens, moderate in BxPC-3, HPAC, and Suit-2 cell lines, and weak in PANC-1 and MIAPaCa-2 cell lines.

Positive_regulation (strong) of in BxPC-3 Gene_expression (expression) of midkine protein in HPAC

20) Confidence 0.08 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 1.06 Pain Relevance 0

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