INT245173

Context Info Confidence 0.49 First Reported 2008 Last Reported 2010 Negated 2 Speculated 8 Reported most in Body Documents 81 Total Number 97 Disease Relevance 51.08 Pain Relevance 6.78

cell differentiation (MDK) signal transduction (MDK) extracellular region (MDK)

Anatomy Link Frequency lung 11 AsPC-1 7 CFPAC-1 6 fibroblasts 6 HPAC 5 MDK (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat bDMF 108 100.00 dexamethasone 1584 99.84 Inflammation 66 98.12 corticosteroid 264 98.00 Nerve growth factor 54 59.08 palliative 55 26.68 ketamine 42 5.00 anesthesia 42 5.00 alcohol 33 5.00 fifth nerve 9 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Cold Sores 55 100.00 Pancreatic Cancer 2805 99.96 Rheumatoid Arthritis 1518 99.78 Infection 583 99.48 Cancer 2013 98.88 Malignant Neoplastic Disease 275 98.84 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia 297 98.24 INFLAMMATION 33 98.12 Gastrointestinal Neoplasms 55 98.04 Apoptosis 55 96.96

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

However, the high expression levels of Midkine observed in the pedicle skin deserves some comment.

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine in skin

1) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

The only exception is Midkine, which was significantly overexpressed in the velvet respect to frontal skin samples, though not respect to pedicle skin.

Gene_expression (overexpressed) of Midkine in skin

2) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0

According to present data, among the factors identified in the antler, only Midkine is significantly overexpressed in the antler velvet with respect to normal skin, suggesting a possible role promoting fast axonal growth.

Gene_expression (overexpressed) of Midkine in skin

3) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Real time PCR data showed detectable gene expression (cycle threshold -Ct- below 34/35 cycles) for BDNF, BMP2, FGF2, GPI, L1CAM, Laminin B1 (LAMB1), Meteorin, Midkine, NR-CAM, and TGF?

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine associated with bdmf

4) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.13

Somehow, Midkine expression profile fits with what can be expected from a molecule involved in the process of rapid axonal growth in the antler.

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine

5) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

Only Midkine expression appeared significantly upregulated in velvet compared to frontal samples, although it remained unchanged compared to pedicle.

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine

6) Confidence 0.49 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

We showed that most human pancreatic cancer cell lines (6 out of 7 lines tested) express midkine to some extent and that the level of midkine mRNA expression in pancreatic cancer tissues is significantly higher than in non-cancerous pancreatic tissues.

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine mRNA associated with pancreatic cancer

7) Confidence 0.46 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.79 Pain Relevance 0

Sequencing confirmed the expression of 9 out of the 11 genes being analysed, namely BDNF, BMP2, FGF2, GPI, Midkine, Meteorin, NR-CAM and TGF?

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine associated with bdmf

8) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

These analyses yielded positive results for 8 of these genes, coding for BDNF, Midkine, basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF, also known as FGF2), BMP2 and TGF?

Gene_expression (coding) of Midkine in Fibroblast associated with bdmf

9) Confidence 0.42 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004953 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0.09

Midkine expression was increased in pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer tissues.

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine associated with pancreatic cancer

10) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0

We showed that most human pancreatic cancer cell lines (6 out of 7 lines tested) express midkine to some extent and that the level of midkine mRNA expression in pancreatic cancer tissues is significantly higher than in non-cancerous pancreatic tissues.

Gene_expression (express) of midkine associated with pancreatic cancer

11) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.79 Pain Relevance 0

Midkine expression in human pancreatic cancer

Gene_expression (expression) of Midkine associated with pancreatic cancer

12) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.55 Pain Relevance 0

To assess midkine gene expression, we used quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis based on the TaqMan fluorescence method, which employs a dual-labeled non-extendable oligonucleotide hydrolysis (TaqMan) probe in addition to the two amplification primers.

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine

13) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Adenoviral replication in AsPC-1 cells was lower than in any other midkine-positive cell line and no killing of AsPC-1 cells was observed at 10 MOI, although these cells showed high midkine expression and transcriptional activity.

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine in AsPC-1

14) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.31 Pain Relevance 0

CFPAC-1 cells had high midkine expression and moderate efficiency of adenoviral transduction.

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine in CFPAC-1

15) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.35 Pain Relevance 0

Ad5MK showed a much stronger-killing effect against Suit-2 and PANC-1 cells that have moderate and weak midkine expression, respectively, compared with its effect on midkine-negative MIAPaCa-2 cells.

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine in PANC-1

16) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0

Expression of midkine mRNA was significantly stronger in pancreatic cancer than in non-cancerous tissue (p < 0.001).

Gene_expression (Expression) of midkine mRNA associated with pancreatic cancer

17) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.58 Pain Relevance 0

Therefore, to determine the specificity of Ad5MK replication, we used pancreatic cancer cell lines with different levels of midkine expression and then examined E1A expression by Western blotting (Figure 3A).

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine associated with pancreatic cancer

18) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.77 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast, Ad5MK had no effect on AsPC-1 cells as far as the designated conditions, although these cells showed strong midkine expression.

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine in AsPC-1

19) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.40 Pain Relevance 0

We assessed the expression of midkine mRNA in 22 pancreatic cancer samples and 18 adjacent non-cancerous pancreatic tissue samples by TaqMan PCR (Figure 1B).

Gene_expression (expression) of midkine mRNA associated with pancreatic cancer

20) Confidence 0.40 Published 2008 Journal J Exp Clin Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2529268 Disease Relevance 0.57 Pain Relevance 0

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