INT249

Context Info Confidence 0.80 First Reported 1975 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Abstract Documents 215 Total Number 215 Disease Relevance 78.02 Pain Relevance 51.87

extracellular space (GHRH) extracellular region (GHRH) cell-cell signaling (GHRH)

Anatomy Link Frequency pituitary 16 plasma 6 follicle 4 neurons 4 somatotropes 3 GHRH (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Somatostatin 432 100.00 Clonidine 302 100.00 agonist 244 100.00 Enkephalin 66 100.00 anesthesia 20 100.00 Neuropeptide 73 99.98 antagonist 236 99.92 cytokine 115 99.92 Fibrositis 112 99.92 narcan 71 99.92

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Cancer 646 99.96 Adenoma 436 99.96 Pituitary Cancer 299 99.96 Carcinoma 54 99.96 Stress 412 99.92 Ganglioneuroma 10 99.92 Growth Problems 114 99.88 Acromegaly 705 99.84 Obesity 254 99.84 Diabetes Mellitus 177 99.84

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

In summary, alpha 2-adrenergic agonism appears to act primarily in GH control by inhibiting the hypothalamic release of somatostatin, rather than by stimulating GHRH secretion.

Localization (secretion) of GHRH associated with somatostatin

1) Confidence 0.80 Published 1990 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 1977761 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.39

Opioid-receptor blockade blunts growth hormone (GH) secretion induced by GH-releasing hormone in the human male.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with opioid

2) Confidence 0.80 Published 1998 Journal Horm. Metab. Res. Section Title Doc Link 9503036 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.25

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the existence of an opioid stimulatory tone on growth hormone (GH) secretion in the human male.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with opioid

3) Confidence 0.80 Published 1998 Journal Horm. Metab. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9503036 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.17

The interaction between clonidine and growth hormone releasing hormone in the stimulation of growth hormone secretion in man.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with clonidine

4) Confidence 0.80 Published 1990 Journal Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) Section Title Doc Link 2147600 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.60

Acute effects of clonidine and growth-hormone-releasing hormone on growth hormone secretion in patients with hyperthyroidism.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with thyroid disease and clonidine

5) Confidence 0.80 Published 1991 Journal Horm. Res. Section Title Doc Link 1823078 Disease Relevance 0.59 Pain Relevance 0.46

The stimulatory effect of clonidine on GH secretion has been suggested to depend on an enhancement of hypothalamic GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) release.

Localization (release) of GHRH associated with clonidine

6) Confidence 0.80 Published 1991 Journal Horm. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 1823078 Disease Relevance 0.59 Pain Relevance 0.33

One group received fentanyl 15 micrograms kg-1 i.v. immediately before the start of surgery; a second group received fentanyl 15 micrograms kg-1 i.v. together with corticotrophin releasing factor 100 micrograms i.v., growth hormone releasing hormone 100 micrograms i.v. and arginine vasopressin 10 units i.m.

Localization (releasing) of growth hormone

7) Confidence 0.80 Published 1990 Journal Br J Anaesth Section Abstract Doc Link 2223348 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

One group received fentanyl 15 micrograms kg-1 i.v. immediately before the start of surgery; a second group received fentanyl 15 micrograms kg-1 i.v. together with corticotrophin releasing factor 100 micrograms i.v., growth hormone releasing hormone 100 micrograms i.v. and arginine vasopressin 10 units i.m.

Localization (releasing) of growth hormone

8) Confidence 0.80 Published 1990 Journal Br J Anaesth Section Abstract Doc Link 2223348 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

She also had hyperprolactinaemia and decreased human growth hormone secretion.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with galactorrhea

9) Confidence 0.80 Published 1993 Journal Eur. J. Pediatr. Section Abstract Doc Link 7687546 Disease Relevance 0.92 Pain Relevance 0.10

This action is probably mediated at the level of the hypothalamus, where the drug may act through inhibition of somatostatin (SRIH) and/or stimulation of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) release.

Localization (release) of GH-releasing hormone in hypothalamus associated with somatostatin

10) Confidence 0.80 Published 1994 Journal Endocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 7905408 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.65

This action is probably mediated at the level of the hypothalamus, where the drug may act through inhibition of somatostatin (SRIH) and/or stimulation of GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) release.

Localization (release) of GHRH in hypothalamus associated with somatostatin

11) Confidence 0.80 Published 1994 Journal Endocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 7905408 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.65

Growth hormone secretion in children with normal variants of short stature.

Localization (secretion) of Growth hormone associated with growth problems

12) Confidence 0.80 Published 1994 Journal Horm. Res. Section Title Doc Link 7959619 Disease Relevance 0.83 Pain Relevance 0

Opioids stimulate growth hormone (GH) release in man independently of GH-releasing hormone.

Localization (release) of growth hormone associated with opioid

13) Confidence 0.80 Published 1989 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Title Doc Link 2546963 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.33

Two patients with propionic acidemia had decreased growth hormone secretion in response to provocative stimuli (intravenous L-arginine and oral levodopa or clonidine); the remaining subjects had sufficient growth hormone secretion.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with propionic acidemia and clonidine

14) Confidence 0.80 Published 1994 Journal Biochem. Med. Metab. Biol. Section Abstract Doc Link 7993663 Disease Relevance 0.19 Pain Relevance 0.10

Modulation by glucocorticoids of growth hormone secretion in patients with different pituitary tumors.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone in pituitary associated with pituitary cancer

15) Confidence 0.79 Published 1993 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Title Doc Link 8284031 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 0.18

The acute administration of glucocorticoids is a new stimulus of growth hormone (GH) secretion in man.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone

16) Confidence 0.79 Published 1993 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 8284031 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.13

Corticoid-induced growth hormone (GH) secretion in GH-deficient and normal children.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone

17) Confidence 0.79 Published 1992 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Title Doc Link 1639956 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0.11

Growth hormone secretion in response to the new centrally acting antihypertensive agent moxonidine in normal human subjects: comparison to clonidine and GHRH.

Localization (secretion) of Growth hormone associated with clonidine

18) Confidence 0.79 Published 1995 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Section Title Doc Link 7584524 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.63

This effect is most likely due to stimulation of hypothalamic growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) release.

Localization (release) of GHRH

19) Confidence 0.79 Published 1995 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Section Abstract Doc Link 7584524 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.46

It is well established that the central alpha 2-adrenergic agonist clonidine can enhance growth hormone (GH) secretion in humans.

Localization (secretion) of growth hormone associated with agonist and clonidine

20) Confidence 0.79 Published 1995 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes Section Abstract Doc Link 7584524 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.44

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