INT253261

Context Info Confidence 0.19 First Reported 2008 Last Reported 2010 Negated 1 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 15 Total Number 19 Disease Relevance 9.84 Pain Relevance 0.46

extracellular region (lbm)

Anatomy Mention Frequency fat 6 body 2 skeletal muscle 1 lbm (Drosophila melanogaster)

Pain Term Frequency Confidence Heat corticosteroid 50 89.36 Bioavailability 4 77.60 cytokine 56 77.60 Catecholamine 28 77.32 Neuropeptide 18 49.92 backache 14 38.72 Inflammation 28 35.20 palliative 12 32.32 Migraine 1 5.00 rheumatoid arthritis 4 5.00

Disease Term Frequency Confidence Heat Overnutrition 14 99.68 Stress 24 98.82 Syndrome 103 98.40 Appetite Loss 348 98.18 Weight Loss 252 98.16 Cancer 264 98.00 Solid Tumor 8 97.86 Pancreatic Cancer 28 97.80 Body Weight 193 97.44 Overweight 98 97.14

Sentences Mentioned In

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Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Maintaining or increasing LBM is of importance for maintaining an adequately high metabolism and reduce the tendency to regain weight [25] and for maintaining adequate body function with aging [28,29].

Positive_regulation (increasing) of LBM in body associated with aging

1) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.94 Pain Relevance 0

The Ex group lost on average 0.6 kg of fat mass (p = 0.059) from 40.2 ± 6.3 kg to 39.5 ± 6.6 kg and had a significant increase in LBM (1.6 ± 1.8 kg, p = 0.045).

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM in fat

2) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.34 Pain Relevance 0

There are conflicting results concerning the impact of low carbohydrate diets vs. low fat diets on body composition during weight reduction although several results indicate an advantage of low carbohydrate diets in maintaining or increasing LBM during dieting [21-23].

Positive_regulation (increasing) of LBM in fat associated with weight loss and overnutrition

3) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.57 Pain Relevance 0

A second explanation for the lack of increased LBM in the Lc+Ex group may be the use of skeletal muscle protein for fuel.

Positive_regulation (increased) of LBM in skeletal muscle

4) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.21 Pain Relevance 0

Maintenance of, or increase in LBM with resistance exercise has previously been demonstrated in females on calorie restricted diets [26,27,56,57].

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

5) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.49 Pain Relevance 0

Average increase in LBM constituted 2 kg in 14 weeks, or 0.06 kg of LBM per exercise session.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

6) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.26 Pain Relevance 0

In the studies using only female participants the equivalent number was 0.04 kg LBM increase per session.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

7) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.30 Pain Relevance 0

The mechanisms behind a lower increase in LBM when on a low carbohydrate diet compared to a diet higher in carbohydrate may in part be explained by a lower energy intake and lower insulin levels.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

8) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.43 Pain Relevance 0

In the Lc+ Ex group no increase in mean LBM could be detected in spite of the 10 weeks of resistance training.

Neg (no) Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

9) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.59 Pain Relevance 0.03

Although this study was not designed to fully elucidate the mechanisms behind the observed body composition changes, the study has shown that resistance exercise performed twice weekly in overweight women on a low carbohydrate ketogenic may reduce body fat without significantly changing LBM, while resistance exercise on a regular diet may increase LBM in without significantly affecting fat mass.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM in fat associated with overweight

10) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.46 Pain Relevance 0.08

In the Ex group in the present study, there was a significant positive correlation between carbohydrate intake and the increase in LBM.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

11) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.38 Pain Relevance 0

Resistance exercise in combination with a ketogenic diet may reduce body fat without significantly changing LBM, while resistance exercise on a regular diet may increase LBM in without significantly affecting fat mass.

Spec (may) Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM in fat

12) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.14 Pain Relevance 0

In the Ex group there was a significant correlation between carbohydrate intake in grams and LBM increase (r = 0.707, p = 0.05).

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

13) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0

Our Ex group experienced an average LBM increase of 1.55 kg in 10 weeks or 0.08 kg per exercise session, which is in accordance with, although somewhat higher, than previously reported.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM

14) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2845587 Disease Relevance 0.31 Pain Relevance 0

Recently, a prospective, randomized, phase III trial comparing the effects of oxandrolone (10 mg bid) and MA (800 mg q.d.) on weight, body composition, and quality of life (QOL) in 155 adult patients with solid tumors and weight loss receiving chemotherapy demonstrated that patients treated with oxandrolone experienced an increase in LBM, a reduction in fat mass, and reduced self-reported anorectic symptoms.[32] Olanzapine

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM in fat associated with appetite loss and solid tumor

15) Confidence 0.06 Published 2010 Journal Indian Journal of Palliative Care Section Body Doc Link PMC3012235 Disease Relevance 1.12 Pain Relevance 0

On the basis of these results, we started a phase III randomized clinical trial to establish which was the most effective and safest treatment of CACS and oxidative stress in improving selected key variables as primary endpoints: increase of LBM, decrease of REE, increase of total daily physical activity, decrease of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-?

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM associated with stress, necrosis, cancer and syndrome

16) Confidence 0.06 Published 2010 Journal Indian Journal of Palliative Care Section Body Doc Link PMC3012235 Disease Relevance 0.93 Pain Relevance 0.07

A double-blinded randomized study[15] in 200 patients with pancreatic cancer demonstrated a significant positive correlation between the assumption of the nutritional supplement and the increase of weight and LBM, provided EPA supplementation was ?

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM associated with pancreatic cancer

17) Confidence 0.05 Published 2010 Journal Indian Journal of Palliative Care Section Body Doc Link PMC3012235 Disease Relevance 0.78 Pain Relevance 0.04

Comprehensively, progestagens have shown to be effective as regards body weight increase (mainly water and fat mass) and improvement of cenestesis and quality of life, but have not proved to be effective in increasing lean body mass (LBM), which is a critical target in the treatment of cancer cachexia.

Positive_regulation (increasing) of LBM in body associated with appetite loss, body weight and cancer

18) Confidence 0.04 Published 2010 Journal Indian Journal of Palliative Care Section Body Doc Link PMC3012235 Disease Relevance 1.27 Pain Relevance 0.25

These changes may be related to growth or puberty (an increase or decrease in fat or an increase in BMC and LBM should be expected during growth) or to antiretroviral itself.

Positive_regulation (increase) of LBM in fat

19) Confidence 0.03 Published 2008 Journal BMC Infect Dis Section Body Doc Link PMC2584640 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 0

General Comments

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