INT255

Context Info Confidence 0.62 First Reported 1977 Last Reported 2010 Negated 9 Speculated 9 Reported most in Abstract Documents 89 Total Number 99 Disease Relevance 18.71 Pain Relevance 35.30

extracellular space (GH1) extracellular region (GH1)

Anatomy Link Frequency pituitary 15 blood 6 plasma 4 pituitary gland 3 pineal gland 2 GH1 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Clonidine 230 100.00 Catecholamine 17 100.00 Opioid 46 99.98 narcan 80 99.92 carpal tunnel syndrome 9 99.88 Sumatriptan 16 99.84 Delta opioid receptors 8 99.84 agonist 102 99.82 opiate 21 99.72 Dopamine 62 99.60

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Congenital Anomalies 31 100.00 Alcohol Addiction 12 100.00 Acromegaly 96 99.92 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome 9 99.88 Appetite Loss 25 99.84 Uremia 10 99.84 Obesity 86 99.80 Chronic Renal Failure 2 99.76 Cancer 148 99.68 Thyroid Disease 78 99.62

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Combined administration of CLON and PD had an additive effect on GH release (peak: 27.5 +/- 4.5 ng/ml; AUC: 920.8 +/- 153.3 ng/ml/h; p less than 0.005 vs CLON and PD alone).

Regulation (effect) of Localization (release) of GH associated with clonidine

1) Confidence 0.62 Published 1989 Journal J. Endocrinol. Invest. Section Abstract Doc Link 2754188 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.95

There is evidence that dopamine and norepinephrine modulate the secretion of GH.

Regulation (modulate) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with dopamine

2) Confidence 0.62 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.38 Pain Relevance 0.50

It is concluded that the inhibitory effect of diazepam on human GH secretion is mediated via inhibition of dopaminergic transmission, whereas the alpha-adrenergic control of GH release is not affected.

Regulation (control) of Localization (release) of GH

3) Confidence 0.61 Published 1983 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 6841564 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.50

To establish whether diazepam affects the alpha-adrenergic regulation of GH secretion, the GH response to clonidine (an alpha-agonist) was investigated in seven volunteers after placebo and diazepam premedications.

Spec (whether) Regulation (affects) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with agonist and clonidine

4) Confidence 0.61 Published 1983 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 6841564 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.47

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a single dose of clonidine on the pattern of GH release in response to a 10-hour continuous GRF infusion in normal man.

Spec (investigate) Regulation (effect) of Localization (release) of GH associated with clonidine

5) Confidence 0.61 Published 1991 Journal Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) Section Abstract Doc Link 1934527 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.17

To assess the possible influence of alcoholism on serotonergic control of growth hormone (GH) secretion, 6 mg of the 5-HT1D serotonergic receptor agonist, sumatriptan, was injected subcutaneously in a group of nine normal controls (aged 32 to 49 years) and in nine age-matched nondepressed male alcoholic subjects after 10 to 25 days of abstinence from alcohol.

Spec (possible) Regulation (control) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with sumatriptan, alcohol addiction, agonist and alcohol

6) Confidence 0.60 Published 1995 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 8786727 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0.30

A significant GH increase was observed in normal controls after sumatriptan injection; in contrast, GH secretion was not modified by sumatriptan administration in alcoholic patients.

Neg (not) Regulation (modified) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with sumatriptan

7) Confidence 0.60 Published 1995 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 8786727 Disease Relevance 0.30 Pain Relevance 0.44

These data show that alcoholism is associated with an impairment in the serotonergic-stimulatory regulation of GH secretion, whereas GH responses to direct pituitary stimulation with GHRH or to release from somatostatinergic inhibition with arginine appear to be preserved in alcoholics.

Regulation (regulation) of Localization (secretion) of GH in pituitary associated with alcohol addiction

8) Confidence 0.60 Published 1995 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 8786727 Disease Relevance 0.24 Pain Relevance 0.40

Food intake may be hypothesized to influence the cholinergic regulation of GH secretion and the sex-dependent opioid modulation of central cholinergic tone.

Regulation (regulation) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with opioid

9) Confidence 0.60 Published 1997 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 9225825 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.49

To investigate the role of sex and food intake in the regulation of the reciprocal influences of opioids and acetylcholine in the modulation of GH secretion, we studied the GH response to pyridostigmine (PYR) alone and during a naloxone (NAL) infusion in a group of normal men and women before a meal (at 1:00 PM) and postprandially.

Regulation (modulation) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with narcan and opioid

10) Confidence 0.60 Published 1997 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 9225825 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.42

Moreover, the sex-dependent modulation of GH secretion in humans is well established.

Regulation (modulation) of Localization (secretion) of GH

11) Confidence 0.60 Published 1997 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 9225825 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.37

Studies performed in animals and humans have suggested a functional interaction between opioid and cholinergic systems in the control of growth hormone (GH) secretion.

Regulation (control) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with opioid

12) Confidence 0.60 Published 1997 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 9225825 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.33

While these data do not exclude the possibility of a short loop feedback control of GH secretion, they strongly suggest that the direction of the GH response to a provocative stimulus is determined by the antecedent GH level and that an alpha-adrenoreceptor mechanism is involved in such a biphasic modulation of GH levels.

Regulation (control) of Localization (secretion) of GH

13) Confidence 0.60 Published 1985 Journal Metab. Clin. Exp. Section Abstract Doc Link 3982277 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.63

Failure of naloxone to influence plasma growth hormone, prolactin, and cortisol secretions induced by insulin hypoglycemia.

Regulation (influence) of Localization (secretions) of growth hormone in plasma associated with hypoglycemia and narcan

14) Confidence 0.60 Published 1980 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Title Doc Link 6987258 Disease Relevance 0.44 Pain Relevance 0.41

The effects of the noradrenergic agent clonidine on GH secretion of the adenohypophysis were studied in 10 healthy volunteers and 11 acromegalic patients.

Regulation (effects) of Localization (secretion) of GH in adenohypophysis associated with clonidine

15) Confidence 0.59 Published 1984 Journal J. Endocrinol. Invest. Section Abstract Doc Link 6501804 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.35

It is suggested that chronical administration of clonidine does not induce an hyperactivity of GHRH-GH-SMC axis as estimated by plasma GH and SMC concentrations, but may induce a disorder in hypothalamic control of GH secretion, possibly implicated in the abnormal GH responsivity to TRH.

Regulation (control) of Localization (secretion) of GH in plasma associated with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and clonidine

16) Confidence 0.58 Published 1991 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 1907565 Disease Relevance 0.23 Pain Relevance 0.47

Effect of chronic clonidine administration on GH secretion in adult human subjects.

Regulation (Effect) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with clonidine

17) Confidence 0.58 Published 1991 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Title Doc Link 1907565 Disease Relevance 0.22 Pain Relevance 0.54

The potency of the atropine-induced suppression of GH secretion by three different stimuli, each with presumably different mechanisms of action, suggests that acetylcholine plays an important role in the regulation of GH secretion.

Regulation (role) of Localization (secretion) of GH associated with potency

18) Confidence 0.58 Published 1984 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 6746865 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.41

The data suggest that acetylcholine and its receptors are important regulators of the neurosecretory mechanisms that control GH secretion in man.

Regulation (control) of Localization (secretion) of GH

19) Confidence 0.58 Published 1983 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 6688812 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.29

Based on the lack of an effect of DT on the GH response to GHRH, we suggest that DT may modulate the secretion of GH through suprapituitary mechanisms.

Regulation (modulate) of Localization (secretion) of GH

20) Confidence 0.55 Published 1992 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 1369601 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.31

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