INT2597

Context Info Confidence 0.59 First Reported 1979 Last Reported 2010 Negated 2 Speculated 1 Reported most in Abstract Documents 82 Total Number 84 Disease Relevance 46.36 Pain Relevance 8.62

cell proliferation (ACHE) extracellular space (ACHE) extracellular region (ACHE) cell adhesion (ACHE) Golgi apparatus (ACHE) plasma membrane (ACHE)

Anatomy Link Frequency brain 6 plasma 3 neuromuscular junction 3 blood 2 autonomic 1 ACHE (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat antagonist 80 100.00 antidepressant 17 99.98 Dopamine 2 99.92 palliative 4 99.84 Endep 14 99.68 agonist 54 99.64 tolerance 53 98.92 Paracetamol 15 98.86 anesthesia 16 98.32 Potency 14 97.92

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Myasthenia Gravis 1345 99.92 Aging 53 99.92 Disease 1288 99.88 Poisoning 733 99.74 Paralysis 22 99.72 Neuropathic Pain 48 99.58 Cognitive Disorder 346 99.32 Toxicity 146 99.26 Hypopituitarism 2 99.20 Renal Disease 19 98.52

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Huperzine A is a potent, reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

Negative_regulation (inhibitor) of acetylcholinesterase

1) Confidence 0.59 Published 2007 Journal Biomed. Chromatogr. Section Abstract Doc Link 17080497 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

The major mechanism of toxicity from organophosphorus pesticides is inhibition of the synaptic acetylcholinesterase enzyme.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of acetylcholinesterase associated with toxicity

2) Confidence 0.58 Published 2009 Journal Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC2743678 Disease Relevance 0.73 Pain Relevance 0

Antidepressants inhibit human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity.

Negative_regulation (inhibit) of acetylcholinesterase associated with antidepressant

3) Confidence 0.58 Published 2002 Journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta Section Title Doc Link 12009429 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.99

One year later, the concentration of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase was found to be low and plasma cholinesterase was normal, suggesting that the patient was carrier of a congenital deficiency of acetylcholinesterase.

Negative_regulation (deficiency) of acetylcholinesterase in plasma

4) Confidence 0.58 Published 1983 Journal Arq Neuropsiquiatr Section Abstract Doc Link 6651578 Disease Relevance 0.67 Pain Relevance 0.08

Because chlorpyrifos and other OP insecticides are designed to produce acute cholinergic effects through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and some OP compounds can cause OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) via chemical modification of neurotoxic esterase (neuropathy target esterase, NTE), this review focuses on the capacity of chlorpyrifos to precipitate these and other adverse neurological consequences.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of AChE associated with drug induced neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain

5) Confidence 0.58 Published 1995 Journal J Toxicol Environ Health Section Abstract Doc Link 7531775 Disease Relevance 0.41 Pain Relevance 0

Because chlorpyrifos and other OP insecticides are designed to produce acute cholinergic effects through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and some OP compounds can cause OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) via chemical modification of neurotoxic esterase (neuropathy target esterase, NTE), this review focuses on the capacity of chlorpyrifos to precipitate these and other adverse neurological consequences.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of acetylcholinesterase associated with drug induced neurotoxicity and neuropathic pain

6) Confidence 0.58 Published 1995 Journal J Toxicol Environ Health Section Abstract Doc Link 7531775 Disease Relevance 0.36 Pain Relevance 0

It belongs to the class of organophosphate chemicals characterized by their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity.

Negative_regulation (inhibit) of acetylcholinesterase

7) Confidence 0.56 Published 2005 Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health Section Abstract Doc Link 16819098 Disease Relevance 0.39 Pain Relevance 0.07

Health-care workers are thought to be at risk of poisoning during initial stabilisation of patients poisoned with organophosphorus.53,54 A few Western hospitals have reported cases of such poisoning, but none have shown inhibition of acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase in health-care workers consistent with substantial exposure to organophosphorus.55 Some symptoms, such as headaches and nausea, are possibly due to anxiety or exposure to the organic solvent (eg, xylene) in which the pesticide is mixed.55,56

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of acetylcholinesterase associated with anxiety disorder, vomiting, headache and poisoning

8) Confidence 0.53 Published 2008 Journal Lancet Section Body Doc Link PMC2493390 Disease Relevance 0.90 Pain Relevance 0.09

At the micromolar range concentration, sertraline (60-120 microM) and amitriptyline (60-180 microM) inhibited human erythrocyte AChE.

Negative_regulation (inhibited) of AChE in erythrocyte associated with endep

9) Confidence 0.51 Published 2002 Journal Biochim. Biophys. Acta Section Abstract Doc Link 12009429 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.01

Rationale for intranasal delivery of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

Negative_regulation (inhibitors) of acetylcholinesterase

10) Confidence 0.47 Published 2008 Journal BMC Neurosci Section Body Doc Link PMC2604884 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0.20

Tacrine was the first acetylcholinesterase inhibitor approved for AD treatment [28], but this agent has been associated with some severe side effects, including hepatotoxicity, necessitating the research and development of newer inhibitors with greater specificity and higher potency.

Negative_regulation (inhibitor) of acetylcholinesterase associated with hepatotoxicity, disease and potency

11) Confidence 0.47 Published 2008 Journal BMC Neurosci Section Body Doc Link PMC2604884 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0.22

Acetaminophen exposure significantly increased hepatic LPO levels and inhibited AChE activity in gill (10-day NOEC and LOEC of 23 and 403 microg/L, respectively), whereas propranolol (11 microg/L) enhanced gill GST.

Negative_regulation (inhibited) of AChE in gill associated with paracetamol

12) Confidence 0.45 Published 2010 Journal Anal Bioanal Chem Section Abstract Doc Link 19838684 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.40

Otoacoustic emissions also increased in patients with myasthenia gravis after the administration of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.

Negative_regulation (inhibitor) of acetylcholinesterase associated with myasthenia gravis

13) Confidence 0.43 Published 1995 Journal Acta Otolaryngol. Section Abstract Doc Link 7610806 Disease Relevance 0.66 Pain Relevance 0.08

Understanding the interdependence between the toxic and traumatic occurrences and the drugs used to prevent or treat nerve agent intoxication (pyridostigmine bromide, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase; atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist that is one of the on-site, first aid, pharmacological resuscitation drugs; and oxime-like pralidoxime chloride or obidoxime chloride, acetylcholinesterase reactivators) is vital.

Negative_regulation (inhibitor) of acetylcholinesterase in nerve associated with antagonist and poisoning

14) Confidence 0.43 Published 2006 Journal Mil Med Section Abstract Doc Link 16532866 Disease Relevance 0.66 Pain Relevance 0.17

Oximes, such as pralidoxime, can reactivate acetylcholinesterase but the ability to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition with oximes varies with the type of pesticide ingested and time to treatment as both these factors affect the rate of enzyme ageing [8,9].

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of AChE associated with aging

15) Confidence 0.43 Published 2009 Journal Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC2743678 Disease Relevance 0.76 Pain Relevance 0.04

Oximes, such as pralidoxime, can reactivate acetylcholinesterase but the ability to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition with oximes varies with the type of pesticide ingested and time to treatment as both these factors affect the rate of enzyme ageing [8,9].

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of acetylcholinesterase associated with aging

16) Confidence 0.43 Published 2009 Journal Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC2743678 Disease Relevance 0.77 Pain Relevance 0.04

In Sri Lanka and much of rural Asia, delays in initiating treatment and the use of organophosphates that are associated with rapid ageing of acetylcholinesterase inhibition contribute significantly to treatment failure with pralidoxime.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of acetylcholinesterase associated with aging

17) Confidence 0.43 Published 2009 Journal Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC2743678 Disease Relevance 0.57 Pain Relevance 0.14

Acetylcholinesterase inhibition leads to excessive accumulation of acetylcholine at nicotinic and muscarinic synapses leading to widespread clinical effects culminating in neuromuscular and respiratory failure.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of Acetylcholinesterase in respiratory associated with respiratory failure

18) Confidence 0.43 Published 2009 Journal Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC2743678 Disease Relevance 0.84 Pain Relevance 0

Acetylcholinesterase inhibition is initially reversible but eventually becomes irreversible, a process which is commonly termed "ageing".

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of Acetylcholinesterase associated with aging

19) Confidence 0.43 Published 2009 Journal Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC2743678 Disease Relevance 0.79 Pain Relevance 0

Distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in nucleus of various formations of embryonic human brain was studied by histochemical method.

Negative_regulation (Distribution) of acetylcholinesterase in brain

20) Confidence 0.43 Published 1996 Journal Zh. Evol. Biokhim. Fiziol. Section Abstract Doc Link 8768331 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

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