INT2597
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Sentences Mentioned In
Key: | Protein | Mutation | Event | Anatomy | Negation | Speculation | Pain term | Disease term |
Huperzine A is a potent, reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. | |||||||||||||||
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The major mechanism of toxicity from organophosphorus pesticides is inhibition of the synaptic acetylcholinesterase enzyme. | |||||||||||||||
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Antidepressants inhibit human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity. | |||||||||||||||
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One year later, the concentration of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase was found to be low and plasma cholinesterase was normal, suggesting that the patient was carrier of a congenital deficiency of acetylcholinesterase. | |||||||||||||||
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Because chlorpyrifos and other OP insecticides are designed to produce acute cholinergic effects through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and some OP compounds can cause OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) via chemical modification of neurotoxic esterase (neuropathy target esterase, NTE), this review focuses on the capacity of chlorpyrifos to precipitate these and other adverse neurological consequences. | |||||||||||||||
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Because chlorpyrifos and other OP insecticides are designed to produce acute cholinergic effects through inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and some OP compounds can cause OP compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) via chemical modification of neurotoxic esterase (neuropathy target esterase, NTE), this review focuses on the capacity of chlorpyrifos to precipitate these and other adverse neurological consequences. | |||||||||||||||
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It belongs to the class of organophosphate chemicals characterized by their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity. | |||||||||||||||
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Health-care workers are thought to be at risk of poisoning during initial stabilisation of patients poisoned with organophosphorus.53,54 A few Western hospitals have reported cases of such poisoning, but none have shown inhibition of acetylcholinesterase or butyrylcholinesterase in health-care workers consistent with substantial exposure to organophosphorus.55 Some symptoms, such as headaches and nausea, are possibly due to anxiety or exposure to the organic solvent (eg, xylene) in which the pesticide is mixed.55,56 | |||||||||||||||
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At the micromolar range concentration, sertraline (60-120 microM) and amitriptyline (60-180 microM) inhibited human erythrocyte AChE. | |||||||||||||||
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Rationale for intranasal delivery of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors | |||||||||||||||
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Tacrine was the first acetylcholinesterase inhibitor approved for AD treatment [28], but this agent has been associated with some severe side effects, including hepatotoxicity, necessitating the research and development of newer inhibitors with greater specificity and higher potency. | |||||||||||||||
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Acetaminophen exposure significantly increased hepatic LPO levels and inhibited AChE activity in gill (10-day NOEC and LOEC of 23 and 403 microg/L, respectively), whereas propranolol (11 microg/L) enhanced gill GST. | |||||||||||||||
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Otoacoustic emissions also increased in patients with myasthenia gravis after the administration of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. | |||||||||||||||
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Understanding the interdependence between the toxic and traumatic occurrences and the drugs used to prevent or treat nerve agent intoxication (pyridostigmine bromide, a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase; atropine, a muscarinic receptor antagonist that is one of the on-site, first aid, pharmacological resuscitation drugs; and oxime-like pralidoxime chloride or obidoxime chloride, acetylcholinesterase reactivators) is vital. | |||||||||||||||
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Oximes, such as pralidoxime, can reactivate acetylcholinesterase but the ability to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition with oximes varies with the type of pesticide ingested and time to treatment as both these factors affect the rate of enzyme ageing [8,9]. | |||||||||||||||
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Oximes, such as pralidoxime, can reactivate acetylcholinesterase but the ability to reverse acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition with oximes varies with the type of pesticide ingested and time to treatment as both these factors affect the rate of enzyme ageing [8,9]. | |||||||||||||||
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In Sri Lanka and much of rural Asia, delays in initiating treatment and the use of organophosphates that are associated with rapid ageing of acetylcholinesterase inhibition contribute significantly to treatment failure with pralidoxime. | |||||||||||||||
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibition leads to excessive accumulation of acetylcholine at nicotinic and muscarinic synapses leading to widespread clinical effects culminating in neuromuscular and respiratory failure. | |||||||||||||||
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Acetylcholinesterase inhibition is initially reversible but eventually becomes irreversible, a process which is commonly termed "ageing". | |||||||||||||||
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Distribution of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in nucleus of various formations of embryonic human brain was studied by histochemical method. | |||||||||||||||
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General Comments
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