INT268386

Context Info Confidence 0.17 First Reported 2007 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 6 Total Number 6 Disease Relevance 4.84 Pain Relevance 0.33

cytosol (ARAF) protein modification process (ARAF) mitochondrion (ARAF) cellular_component (ARAF)

ARAF (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Inflammatory response 1 99.68 Inflammation 2 89.44 Kinase C 7 86.92 Neuropathic pain 1 57.04 Migraine 1 56.20 Intracerebroventricular 1 46.12 IPN 1 43.88 Pain 3 40.04 Spinal cord 12 5.00 addiction 5 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat INFLAMMATION 3 99.68 Pancreatic Cancer 70 99.48 Cancer 96 98.44 Hypoxia 41 98.32 Infection 1 98.08 Stress 2 94.32 Targeted Disruption 20 93.40 Fatigue 2 88.44 Pressure And Volume Under Development 2 87.96 Neutropenia 1 87.28

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

In their model, it was suggested that mutation of the k-ras proto-oncogene leading to activation of the oncogene as well as mutational inactivation of tumour suppressor genes existing on chromosomes 5q (APC), 7p (p53) and 18q (SMAD4) were the key initiators of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Positive_regulation (activation) of oncogene associated with cancer

1) Confidence 0.17 Published 2008 Journal Current Genomics Section Body Doc Link PMC2674304 Disease Relevance 1.29 Pain Relevance 0

The Ras oncogene is mutated in about 90% of pancreatic cancers, leading to constitutive activation of the Ras-Raf-MAPK signal transduction pathway.

Positive_regulation (activation) of Ras-Raf-MAPK associated with pancreatic cancer

2) Confidence 0.10 Published 2008 Journal Biologics : Targets & Therapy Section Body Doc Link PMC2727890 Disease Relevance 1.21 Pain Relevance 0

Signaling through this pathway is often initiated by activation of membrane-localized receptors, leading to activation of the GTPase Ras, and subsequent activation of the MAPK kinase kinase Raf, the MAPK kinases MEK1/2 and the MAPKs Erk1/2 [11].

Positive_regulation (activation) of Raf

3) Confidence 0.05 Published 2010 Journal BMC Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2918577 Disease Relevance 0.90 Pain Relevance 0.24

Perturbation of Raf, MEK or ERK had similar effects on the functional markers with ERK being the most notable (Fig. 8, lanes 1, 2 and 3).

Positive_regulation (Perturbation) of Raf

4) Confidence 0.04 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2812491 Disease Relevance 0.48 Pain Relevance 0

Hypoxia/DHP-d can activate ERK MAPKs via pathways independent or dependent [30] of Ras and Raf activation.

Positive_regulation (activation) of Raf associated with hypoxia

5) Confidence 0.03 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2817727 Disease Relevance 0.52 Pain Relevance 0

Additionally, it has been proposed that PKs potentially function as mediators of the inflammatory response during testicular infections [20].

Positive_regulation (mediators) of PKs associated with inflammatory response and infection

6) Confidence 0.03 Published 2007 Journal Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism Section Body Doc Link PMC2694302 Disease Relevance 0.44 Pain Relevance 0.09

General Comments

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