INT3842

Context Info Confidence 0.69 First Reported 1977 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Abstract Documents 14 Total Number 14 Disease Relevance 3.48 Pain Relevance 3.55

cytosol (Gsr) mitochondrion (Gsr) oxidoreductase activity (Gsr) cytoplasm (Gsr)

Anatomy Link Frequency hepatocytes 1 Terminalia 1 livers 1 fat 1 Gsr (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat qutenza 29 99.92 aspirin 11 99.44 Angina 3 98.52 Paracetamol 15 97.04 ischemia 1 95.04 nerve block 1 82.36 Analgesic 2 76.04 cINOD 4 75.00 Regional anesthesia 2 75.00 Clonidine 1 70.04

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Stress 24 99.60 Myocardial Infarction 3 99.16 Cv General 3 Under Development 3 98.52 Toxicity 11 98.22 Cancer 5 96.96 Necrosis 4 96.72 Coronary Artery Disease 2 95.04 Liver Disease 7 94.16 Body Weight 8 93.52 Syndrome 1 83.60

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Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Stimulation-induced GSR was completely abolished in a dose-dependent manner by systemically (intravenously) administered atropine.

Positive_regulation (induced) of GSR

1) Confidence 0.69 Published 1991 Journal Anesth. Analg. Section Abstract Doc Link 1854028 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.23

Following drug pretreatments, the activities of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GP) and glutathione reductase (GR) were elevated 30-70%, 5-25% and 8-25%, respectively.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of glutathione reductase

2) Confidence 0.40 Published 1977 Journal Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 877407 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 0.13

Activities of serum glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase and catalase and hepatic glutathione reductase in normal rats and serum glutathione peroxidase in hypercholesterolemic rats were enhanced by dietary spice principles.

Positive_regulation (enhanced) of hepatic glutathione reductase

3) Confidence 0.32 Published 2007 Journal Lipids Section Abstract Doc Link 17960446 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.47

Activities of serum glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase and catalase and hepatic glutathione reductase in normal rats and serum glutathione peroxidase in hypercholesterolemic rats were enhanced by dietary spice principles.

Positive_regulation (enhanced) of serum glutathione reductase

4) Confidence 0.32 Published 2007 Journal Lipids Section Abstract Doc Link 17960446 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0.48

Hepatic glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase were significantly elevated by dietary spice principles in high-fat-fed animals.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of Hepatic glutathione reductase in fat

5) Confidence 0.31 Published 2007 Journal Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 17823620 Disease Relevance 0.13 Pain Relevance 0.84

Despite inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity, the attenuation of (S)-(+)-ketoprofen-induced intestinal toxicity could be correlated with a reduced oxidative damage characterized not only by a lack of changes in glutathione reductase activity and glutathione levels but also by an absence of up-regulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha production in intestinal mucosa.

Positive_regulation (changes) of glutathione reductase associated with necrosis, toxicity and cancer

6) Confidence 0.23 Published 2002 Journal Dig. Dis. Sci. Section Abstract Doc Link 11991627 Disease Relevance 0.80 Pain Relevance 0

Significant decrease was also observed in the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione-s-transferase and catalase activities for aspirin and nimesulide group while Celecoxib caused an increase in glutathione reductase (GR).

Positive_regulation (increase) of glutathione reductase associated with aspirin

7) Confidence 0.21 Published 2006 Journal Nutr Hosp Section Abstract Doc Link 17147060 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.28

Superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activities as well as vitamins C and E, and glutathione levels were significantly (P<0.05) elevated by the extract.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of glutathione reductase

8) Confidence 0.20 Published 2010 Journal Drug Chem Toxicol Section Abstract Doc Link 19728789 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0.31

In cisplatin-treated rats, the serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly decreased, whereas the activities of isocitric dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase were increased.

Positive_regulation (increased) of glutathione reductase

9) Confidence 0.20 Published 1994 Journal Eur J Clin Chem Clin Biochem Section Abstract Doc Link 7888481 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0.07

Epoxide hydrolase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, cytochrome P450 2B2, cytochrome P450 3A1, aldehyde dehydrogenase and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase were all induced by PB (table 3).

Positive_regulation (induced) of glutathione reductase

10) Confidence 0.12 Published 2010 Journal BMC Genomics Section Body Doc Link PMC2826316 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0

Silymarin, a flavonolignan obtained from Silybum marianum, comprises of silybin as the most active component that counteracts the leakage of alanine transaminase (ALT) and gamma glutamyl transferase and prevent lipid peroxidation (LPO).[2] The fruits of Terminalia chebula were used as common household remedy,[3] and its phenolics prevent nickel chloride-induced oxidative stress by decreasing LPO, restoring the activity of glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase.[4] The present investigation was carried out to study the hepato- and renoprotective effects of silymarin and T. chebula.

Positive_regulation (restoring) of glutathione reductase in Terminalia associated with stress

11) Confidence 0.10 Published 2010 Journal Toxicology International Section Body Doc Link PMC2997457 Disease Relevance 0.46 Pain Relevance 0.42

Since glutathione functions as a cofactor of GPx [12], it appears plausible that the livers of BSO-treated rats showed a compensatory increase of glutathione reductase activity.

Positive_regulation (increase) of glutathione reductase in livers

12) Confidence 0.09 Published 2010 Journal Lipids Health Dis Section Body Doc Link PMC2881051 Disease Relevance 0.29 Pain Relevance 0

Subset analysis revealed that in unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, superoxide anion, malonyldialdehyde and glutathione reductase were elevated while superoxide dismutase and catalase levels were reduced.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of glutathione reductase associated with angina and myocardial infarction

13) Confidence 0.05 Published 1994 Journal Int. J. Cardiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 8181866 Disease Relevance 0.96 Pain Relevance 0.32

This investigation tested the hypothesis that aqueous extracts of T. polium maintains intracellular glutathione levels by augmenting glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity in cultured hepatocytes.

Positive_regulation (augmenting) of glutathione reductase in hepatocytes

14) Confidence 0.03 Published 2010 Journal Advances in Pharmacological Sciences Section Abstract Doc Link PMC3005810 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 0

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