INT397

Context Info Confidence 0.81 First Reported 1978 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 4 Reported most in Abstract Documents 232 Total Number 236 Disease Relevance 58.05 Pain Relevance 101.19

extracellular space (SST) extracellular region (SST) cell-cell signaling (SST)

Anatomy Link Frequency pituitary 9 neurons 9 plasma 6 brain 6 skin 6 SST (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Somatostatin 1529 100.00 Pain 173 100.00 Enkephalin 155 100.00 Clonidine 154 100.00 substance P 126 100.00 Neuropeptide 125 100.00 Opioid 83 100.00 Serotonin 71 100.00 narcan 61 100.00 Potency 22 100.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Cancer 676 100.00 Pain 218 100.00 Pernicious Anemia 24 99.92 Obesity 130 99.84 Ulcers 34 99.84 Anaplastic Astrocytoma 3 99.84 Pituitary Cancer 41 99.74 Pruritus 5 99.62 Somatostatinoma 23 99.58 Duodenal Ulcer 39 99.54

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

OBJECTIVE: It has been established in animals that somatostatin (SST) is released from pain-activated sensory nerve endings and exerts systemic antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions.

Localization (released) of somatostatin in sensory nerve associated with pain, inflammation, somatostatin and antinociceptive

1) Confidence 0.81 Published 2008 Journal Neuroimmunomodulation Section Abstract Doc Link 18716415 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0.50

OBJECTIVE: It has been established in animals that somatostatin (SST) is released from pain-activated sensory nerve endings and exerts systemic antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions.

Localization (released) of SST in sensory nerve associated with pain, inflammation, somatostatin and antinociceptive

2) Confidence 0.81 Published 2008 Journal Neuroimmunomodulation Section Abstract Doc Link 18716415 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0.50

We have previously shown in animals that somatostatin released from capsaicin-sensitive afferents in response to inflammation and tissue damage exerts systemic anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions.

Localization (released) of somatostatin associated with nociception, inflammation, qutenza and somatostatin

3) Confidence 0.81 Published 2010 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 20307604 Disease Relevance 0.43 Pain Relevance 0.42

Somatostatin release by human gastric mucosa.

Localization (release) of Somatostatin associated with somatostatin

4) Confidence 0.80 Published 1988 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Title Doc Link 2902682 Disease Relevance 0.61 Pain Relevance 0.39

These results imply possible impairments of the paracrine release of somatostatin in peptic ulcer disease and in pernicious anemia.

Localization (release) of somatostatin associated with pernicious anemia, peptic ulcer disease, somatostatin and disease

5) Confidence 0.80 Published 1988 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2902682 Disease Relevance 0.83 Pain Relevance 0.41

Somatostatin release by antral and fundic mucosa of patients with pernicious anemia was also significantly decreased (20 +/- 8 pg/mg tissue, n = 12, and 7.6 +/- 2 pg/mg tissue, n = 12, respectively) (P less than 0.05).

Localization (release) of Somatostatin associated with pernicious anemia and somatostatin

6) Confidence 0.80 Published 1988 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2902682 Disease Relevance 0.57 Pain Relevance 0.40

Somatostatin was found to be released at a constant rate by antral explants during 3 h of incubation.

Localization (released) of Somatostatin associated with somatostatin

7) Confidence 0.80 Published 1988 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2902682 Disease Relevance 0.58 Pain Relevance 0.29

In active duodenal ulcer antral and fundic 2-h somatostatin release (18.7 +/- 2.6 pg/mg tissue (means + SE), n = 75; and 27 +/- 3 pg/mg tissue, n = 94, respectively) was significantly lower than release by control antral and fundic mucosa (83 +/- 17 pg/mg tissue, n = 39, and 72 +/- 16 pg/mg tissue, n = 42, respectively) (P less than 0.01).

Localization (release) of somatostatin associated with duodenal ulcer and somatostatin

8) Confidence 0.80 Published 1988 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2902682 Disease Relevance 0.58 Pain Relevance 0.37

We applied the organ culture technique to examine somatostatin release by explants of human gastric mucosa taken from patients with active duodenal ulcer, from control subjects, and from patients with pernicious anemia.

Spec (examine) Localization (release) of somatostatin associated with pernicious anemia, duodenal ulcer and somatostatin

9) Confidence 0.80 Published 1988 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2902682 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0.27

Carbamazepine and phenytoin inhibit somatostatin release from dispersed cerebral cells in culture.

Localization (release) of somatostatin associated with somatostatin and carbamazepine

10) Confidence 0.80 Published 1991 Journal Ann. Neurol. Section Title Doc Link 1681780 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.74

Phenytoin, another anticonvulsant with many similar properties, also blocked picrotoxin-induced somatostatin release at a concentration of 10(-4) M, and its effects were also reversed by veratridine at a concentration of 10(-5) M.

Localization (release) of somatostatin associated with somatostatin and anticonvulsant

11) Confidence 0.80 Published 1991 Journal Ann. Neurol. Section Abstract Doc Link 1681780 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.86

Concentrations of carbamazepine within the therapeutic range (4 x 10(-5) M) inhibited spontaneous release of somatostatin and blocked secretory responses to the epileptogen, picrotoxin, and to the cyclic cAMP stimulator forskolin.

Localization (release) of somatostatin associated with somatostatin and carbamazepine

12) Confidence 0.80 Published 1991 Journal Ann. Neurol. Section Abstract Doc Link 1681780 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.67

Some of its effects may involve release of somatostatin (SST) and actions on enteric neurons.

Localization (release) of somatostatin in neurons associated with somatostatin

13) Confidence 0.79 Published 2010 Journal Gastroenterology Section Abstract Doc Link 19786030 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0.27

Some of its effects may involve release of somatostatin (SST) and actions on enteric neurons.

Localization (release) of SST in neurons associated with somatostatin

14) Confidence 0.79 Published 2010 Journal Gastroenterology Section Abstract Doc Link 19786030 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0.27

The beta3-adrenoceptor agonist GW427353 (Solabegron) decreases excitability of human enteric neurons via release of somatostatin.

Localization (release) of somatostatin in neurons associated with somatostatin and agonist

15) Confidence 0.79 Published 2010 Journal Gastroenterology Section Title Doc Link 19786030 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.29

SST release from human primary adipocytes was measured with enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay.

Localization (release) of SST in adipocytes

16) Confidence 0.79 Published 2010 Journal Gastroenterology Section Body Doc Link 19786030 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Effects of various types of natural skin stimuli on the in situ release of immunoreactive substance P and somatostatin from the rabbit dorsal horn were examined.

Localization (release) of somatostatin in dorsal horn associated with dorsal horn, somatostatin and substance p

17) Confidence 0.78 Published 1985 Journal Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 2579706 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.50

The release of gastric and pancreatic somatostatin is regulated by ingested and circulating nutrients and is modulated by neural mechanisms (cholinergic, adrenergic, dopaminergic) histamine, prostaglandins, opiates and gastrointestinal hormones.

Localization (release) of somatostatin in neural associated with somatostatin and opiate

18) Confidence 0.78 Published 1983 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. Section Abstract Doc Link 6138852 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.70

The present communication summarises the evidence for the release of somatostatin into the gastrointestinal lumen and the potential action of luminally released somatostatin.

Localization (released) of somatostatin in lumen associated with somatostatin

19) Confidence 0.78 Published 1983 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. Section Abstract Doc Link 6138852 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.45

The present communication summarises the evidence for the release of somatostatin into the gastrointestinal lumen and the potential action of luminally released somatostatin.

Localization (release) of somatostatin in lumen associated with somatostatin

20) Confidence 0.78 Published 1983 Journal Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. Section Abstract Doc Link 6138852 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.41

General Comments

This test has worked.