INT43820

Context Info Confidence 0.59 First Reported 1984 Last Reported 2010 Negated 3 Speculated 3 Reported most in Body Documents 75 Total Number 78 Disease Relevance 42.15 Pain Relevance 8.47

cell differentiation (Twist1) nucleus (Twist1) DNA binding (Twist1) transcription factor binding (Twist1)

Anatomy Link Frequency Th1 cells 2 liver 2 synovial fluid 1 ureter 1 striatum 1 Twist1 (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat cerebral cortex 20 99.98 cva 54 99.92 rheumatoid arthritis 38 99.38 Hippocampus 51 99.24 Inflammation 615 98.80 Crohn's disease 66 97.72 Spinal cord 87 97.48 Kinase C 9 95.68 narcan 4 95.56 Morphine 16 94.32

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Cancer 2847 100.00 Death 232 100.00 Epilepsy 10 100.00 Cognitive Disorder 200 99.98 Cv General 3 Under Development 53 99.92 Laryngeal Cancer 16 99.90 Apoptosis 938 99.84 Cervical Cancer 7 99.70 Age-related Macular Degeneration 460 99.44 Rheumatoid Arthritis 57 99.38

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

The decrease of cGMP contents in cerebellum and hippocampus may be due to the decrease of sGC activities, but the decrease of cGMP contents in striatum and cerebral cortex may be mainly due to the increase of PDE activity.

Positive_regulation (increase) of PDE in cerebral cortex associated with hippocampus and cerebral cortex

1) Confidence 0.59 Published 1998 Journal Yao Xue Xue Bao Section Abstract Doc Link 12016853 Disease Relevance 0.05 Pain Relevance 0.65

expression of lining and sublining cells, were increased in the Th1 twist1 knockdown situation.

Positive_regulation (increased) of twist1

2) Confidence 0.50 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.82 Pain Relevance 0.26

B subunit p65 to the twist1 promoter of repeatedly stimulated Th1 cells was evident 1 h after reactivation (Fig. 3, D–E).

Positive_regulation (reactivation) of twist1 in Th1 cells

3) Confidence 0.50 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

As expected from the phylogenetic conservation of the twist1 promoter, twist1 is also expressed by activated human Th cells.

Positive_regulation (conservation) of twist1

4) Confidence 0.50 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.05 Pain Relevance 0.05

Twist1 is not imprinted for enhanced expression in naive and CM CCR7+ Th cells.

Neg (not) Positive_regulation (imprinted) of Twist1

5) Confidence 0.50 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.73 Pain Relevance 0.29

The following primers were used to amplify the proximal twist1 promoter: (?

Positive_regulation (proximal) of twist1 in proximal

6) Confidence 0.50 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.31 Pain Relevance 0.07

Induction of twist1 in Th cells depended on NF-?

Positive_regulation (Induction) of twist1

7) Confidence 0.46 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.40 Pain Relevance 0.24

Although highly variable, twist1 transcripts were increased by up to 400-fold, as compared with peripheral Th cells, in CD3+CD4+ cells isolated from the synovial fluid of inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or spondyloarthropathies, and in Th cells isolated from mucosal endoscopic biopsies and surgical specimens of patients suffering from CD or UC (Fig. 4 C and Table S2, available at http://www.jem.org/cgi/content/full/jem.20072468/DC1).

Positive_regulation (increased) of twist1 in synovial fluid associated with inflammatory bowel disease, crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis

8) Confidence 0.46 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.58 Pain Relevance 0.17

Twist1-specific shRNA reduced the level of activation-induced endogenous twist1 transcripts in Th1 cells to ?

Positive_regulation (induced) of twist1 in Th1 cells

9) Confidence 0.46 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 0.53 Pain Relevance 0.25

Th cells isolated from chronically inflamed gut tissue of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) and synovial fluid of patients with spondyloarthropathies or rheumatoid arthritis are imprinted to express high levels of twist1, which indicates a history of repeated restimulation and an involvement in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Positive_regulation (levels) of twist1 in gut associated with inflammatory bowel disease, crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis and disease

10) Confidence 0.46 Published 2008 Journal The Journal of Experimental Medicine Section Body Doc Link PMC2525589 Disease Relevance 1.18 Pain Relevance 0.33

We compared the relevance qualification obtained for the ten selected topics in each one of the weighting methods. 1.4 Classification of evidence used for PDT

Positive_regulation (used) of PDT

11) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal Health Res Policy Syst Section Body Doc Link PMC2846928 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

The Pa-PDT induced p-JNK caused down-regulation of the pro-apoptotic protein bcl-2 that facilitates the collapse of mitochondrial membrane and eventually initiates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

Positive_regulation (induced) of Pa-PDT associated with shock and apoptosis

12) Confidence 0.41 Published 2009 Journal Mol Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2731730 Disease Relevance 0.67 Pain Relevance 0

Verteporfin, a benzoporphyrin derivative monoacid ring A, is a photosensitising drug for photodynamic therapy (PDT) activated by low-intensity, nonheat-generating light of 689nm wavelength.

Positive_regulation (activated) of PDT

13) Confidence 0.40 Published 2000 Journal Drugs Aging Section Abstract Doc Link 10755329 Disease Relevance 0.19 Pain Relevance 0

Sixty patients underwent PDT during the study period.

Positive_regulation (underwent) of PDT

14) Confidence 0.40 Published 2007 Journal Crit Care Section Body Doc Link PMC2556762 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0.08

Therefore, after an unsuccessful single treatment with PDT alone, we thought that adding anti-VEGF treatment might increase the efficacy of PDT in the treatment of this particular kind of choroidal neovascularization.

Spec (might) Positive_regulation (increase) of PDT associated with age-related macular degeneration

15) Confidence 0.36 Published 2010 Journal Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) Section Body Doc Link PMC2964964 Disease Relevance 0.61 Pain Relevance 0

Our present results suggest that PDT treatment could render Pa to become an apoptosis inducer for R-HepG2 cells as evidenced by the following observations: DNA fragmentation, a hallmark phenomenon of apoptosis [30], was only detected in Pa-treated samples with light illumination (Figure 2A); and the level of PS externalization (Figure 2B) were dramatically increased in the Pa-PDT treated R-HepG2 cells.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Pa-PDT associated with apoptosis

16) Confidence 0.36 Published 2009 Journal Mol Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2731730 Disease Relevance 0.73 Pain Relevance 0

In addition, no significant increase in the tissue specific enzyme activities of liver (ALT, AST) and heart (LDH) in the blood samples of the Pa-PDT treated mice was observed when compared to those of the control group suggesting that damages of liver and heart were not observed after Pa-PDT treatment (Figure 1D).

Neg (no) Positive_regulation (increase) of Pa-PDT in liver

17) Confidence 0.36 Published 2009 Journal Mol Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2731730 Disease Relevance 0.77 Pain Relevance 0

Pa-mediated photodynamic therapy (Pa-PDT) on cancer cells

Positive_regulation (mediated) of Pa-PDT associated with cancer

18) Confidence 0.36 Published 2009 Journal Mol Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2731730 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0

Our results support this notion where both procaspase-9 and the active caspase-9 were significantly increased in the Pa-PDT treated R-HepG2 cells, and finally trigger the activation of procaspase-3 that was started to be cleaved at 2 h after the Pa-PDT treatment (Figure 5A).

Positive_regulation (increased) of Pa-PDT

19) Confidence 0.36 Published 2009 Journal Mol Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2731730 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0

In the striatum and cerebral cortex the sGC activities and phosphorylation levels in vitro were significantly increased and were inhibited by PKA inhibitor. (3) The PDE activities showed no change in cerebellum and hippocampus, but in striatum and cerebral cortex PDE activities and phosphorylation levels in vitro were significantly increased and were inhibited by PKA inhibitor. (4) These changes described above were not observed in mice treated with naloxone 30 min prior to daily morphine injection.

Positive_regulation (increased) of PDE in hippocampus associated with narcan, hippocampus, cerebral cortex and morphine

20) Confidence 0.35 Published 1998 Journal Yao Xue Xue Bao Section Abstract Doc Link 12016853 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.71

General Comments

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