INT4941

Context Info Confidence 0.70 First Reported 1982 Last Reported 2010 Negated 8 Speculated 22 Reported most in Abstract Documents 345 Total Number 367 Disease Relevance 74.26 Pain Relevance 304.41

plasma membrane (Oprd1) cytoplasm (Oprd1) signal transducer activity (Oprd1)

Anatomy Link Frequency neurons 9 brain 8 spinal cord 7 nucleus accumbens 6 heart 5 Oprd1 (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat opioid receptor 2089 100.00 Opioid 1857 100.00 Morphine 1142 100.00 Pain 678 100.00 Inflammation 587 100.00 agonist 561 100.00 antagonist 499 100.00 Enkephalin 470 100.00 narcan 436 100.00 Endogenous opioid 350 100.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat INFLAMMATION 618 100.00 Neurodegenerative Disease 4 99.96 Injury 72 99.92 Epilepsy 10 99.90 Brain Injury 3 99.90 Opiate Addiction 30 99.88 Nicotine Addiction 16 99.88 Nociception 200 99.84 Arthritis 33 99.84 Constipation 69 99.80

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Furthermore, the enhanced inhibitory effect of opioid receptor activation in the presence of yohimbine is not found for all opioid receptors.

Positive_regulation (activation) of opioid receptor associated with opioid receptor

1) Confidence 0.70 Published 1991 Journal Life Sci. Section Abstract Doc Link 1671792 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.78

In situ hybridization and Western blotting experiments revealed an increase in delta opioid receptor mRNA and protein levels, respectively, in the dorsal lumbar spinal cord ipsilateral to the CFA injection site compared to the contralateral side and sham-injected controls.

Positive_regulation (increase) of delta opioid receptor mRNA in spinal cord associated with opioid receptor and spinal cord

2) Confidence 0.70 Published 2003 Journal Pain Section Abstract Doc Link 12507715 Disease Relevance 0.49 Pain Relevance 0.84

Furthermore, it would appear that after chronic agonist treatment the phenomena of opioid receptor upregulation and functional supersensitivity are dissociated.

Positive_regulation (upregulation) of opioid receptor associated with agonist and opioid receptor

3) Confidence 0.70 Published 1992 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 1731036 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.35

This suggests that the antinociceptive effects of (1DMe)NPYF are partially mediated by opioid receptor activation.

Positive_regulation (activation) of opioid receptor associated with opioid receptor and antinociceptive

4) Confidence 0.70 Published 1999 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 10499424 Disease Relevance 0.53 Pain Relevance 1.22

CONCLUSION: This study showed the potential of EESJ to exert antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, the former being modulated via peripheral and central mechanisms and involving, in part, activation of the opioid receptor system.

Positive_regulation (activation) of opioid receptor

5) Confidence 0.69 Published 2009 Journal Med Princ Pract Section Body Doc Link 19494533 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

NGF treatment of PC12h cells also results in the induction of delta opioid receptor (DOR-1) mRNA.

Positive_regulation (induction) of delta opioid receptor associated with nerve growth factor and opioid receptor

6) Confidence 0.69 Published 1995 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 7562535 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.60

NGF treatment of PC12h cells also results in the induction of delta opioid receptor (DOR-1) mRNA.

Positive_regulation (induction) of DOR-1 associated with nerve growth factor and opioid receptor

7) Confidence 0.69 Published 1995 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 7562535 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.60

A role in these neuroleptic-induced dyskinesias may be played by a structural change in the shell of the nucleus accumbens where the opioid peptide dynorphin is upregulated in treated rats that show vacuous chewing movements (VCMs).

Positive_regulation (upregulated) of opioid peptide in nucleus accumbens associated with nucleus accumbens, dynorphin, opioid and dyskinesias

8) Confidence 0.68 Published 2000 Journal J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 11027244 Disease Relevance 0.17 Pain Relevance 0.35

Results demonstrate that opioid receptor activation within the rVLM modulates cardiovascular responses to isometric muscle contraction.

Positive_regulation (activation) of opioid receptor in muscle associated with opioid receptor

9) Confidence 0.68 Published 1998 Journal Am. J. Physiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 9458862 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.37

Although it is still unclear about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of morphine analgesia, evidence supported that morphine-induced opioid-receptor activation results in the enhancement of phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in ACC, SI and locus ceruleus [38].

Positive_regulation (activation) of opioid-receptor associated with primary somatosensory cortex, locus ceruleus, anterior cingulate cortex, opioid, analgesia and morphine

10) Confidence 0.67 Published 2009 Journal Mol Pain Section Body Doc Link PMC2770513 Disease Relevance 0.85 Pain Relevance 2.39

Using binding surface analysis and irreversible ligands to increase the "resolving power" of the ligand binding assay, the results indicated that chronic morphine increased both the Bmax and Kd of the opioid receptor complex, labeled with either [3H][D-Ala2,D-Leu5]enkephalin, [3H][D-Ala2-MePhe4,Gly-ol5]enkephalin or [3H]6-desoxy-6 beta-fluoronaltreone.

Positive_regulation (increased) of opioid receptor associated with enkephalin, opioid receptor and morphine

11) Confidence 0.67 Published 1991 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 1646998 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.14

These results provide evidence that naltrex-one-induced upregulation of the opioid receptor complex might occur indirectly as a consequence of interactions at beta-funaltrexamine-insensitive opioid receptors and that morphine-induced upregulation (increased Bmax) of the opioid receptor complex is a relevant in vitro marker related to the development of tolerance and dependence.

Positive_regulation (upregulation) of opioid receptor associated with addiction, tolerance, opioid receptor and morphine

12) Confidence 0.67 Published 1991 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 1646998 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.35

These results provide evidence that naltrex-one-induced upregulation of the opioid receptor complex might occur indirectly as a consequence of interactions at beta-funaltrexamine-insensitive opioid receptors and that morphine-induced upregulation (increased Bmax) of the opioid receptor complex is a relevant in vitro marker related to the development of tolerance and dependence.

Positive_regulation (upregulation) of opioid receptor associated with addiction, tolerance, opioid receptor and morphine

13) Confidence 0.67 Published 1991 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 1646998 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.45

Pharmacodynamic supersensitivity and opioid receptor upregulation in the mouse.

Positive_regulation (upregulation) of opioid receptor associated with enkephalin and opioid receptor

14) Confidence 0.67 Published 1986 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Title Doc Link 3020228 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 1.46

Effects of continuous opioid receptor blockade on alcohol intake and up-regulation of opioid receptor subtype signalling in a genetic model of high alcohol drinking.

Positive_regulation (up-regulation) of opioid receptor associated with narcan, opioid receptor and alcohol

15) Confidence 0.67 Published 1999 Journal Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. Section Title Doc Link 10551276 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.86

Both peptides concentration dependently (1 nM-1 microM) inhibited the release of radiolabeled acetylcholine (ACh) from striatal slices (pD2 7.6-7.9), an effect exclusively mediated by delta-opioid receptor activation.

Positive_regulation (activation) of delta-opioid receptor associated with opioid receptor

16) Confidence 0.66 Published 1989 Journal Eur. J. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2575993 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.68

Binding studies ([3H][D-Ala,2NMePhe4,Gly-ol5]enkephalin) indicated an approximately 40% increase in opioid receptor density with no significant alteration in affinity after chronic NTX treatment.

Positive_regulation (increase) of opioid receptor associated with opioid receptor and enkephalin

17) Confidence 0.65 Published 1991 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 1847202 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 1.68

In addition, we tested whether this effect might be due to an increased opioid receptor activity.

Spec (might) Positive_regulation (increased) of opioid receptor associated with opioid receptor

18) Confidence 0.65 Published 2003 Journal J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 14639098 Disease Relevance 0.82 Pain Relevance 0.97

Using isolated buffer-perfused rabbit hearts, our aims were to: (1) determine whether the protective factor(s) could be concentrated and recovered by reverse phase chromatography and (2) whether opioid receptor activation contributes to this transferred cardioprotection.

Spec (whether) Positive_regulation (activation) of opioid receptor in hearts associated with opioid receptor

19) Confidence 0.65 Published 2001 Journal J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 11549353 Disease Relevance 0.37 Pain Relevance 0.31

In comparison to LA mice, HA mice exhibit an upregulation of opioid receptor system function, different depression-like behavior and reduced energy expenditure in stress.

Spec (like) Positive_regulation (upregulation) of opioid receptor associated with stress, depression and opioid receptor

20) Confidence 0.65 Published 2010 Journal Physiol. Behav. Section Abstract Doc Link 20138066 Disease Relevance 1.64 Pain Relevance 0.83

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