INT51137

Context Info Confidence 0.43 First Reported 1993 Last Reported 2010 Negated 1 Speculated 0 Reported most in Abstract Documents 39 Total Number 45 Disease Relevance 14.74 Pain Relevance 6.50

cytosol (GSTM1) small molecule metabolic process (GSTM1) cytoplasm (GSTM1)

Anatomy Link Frequency neurons 2 chiasm 1 superior 1 hair 1 brain stem 1 GSTM1 (Homo sapiens) GSTM1 - F1579A (1) GSTM1 - N434K (1)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat local anesthetic 20 100.00 Potency 14 100.00 mu opioid receptor 3 100.00 Electroencephalography 340 99.98 Inflammatory response 10 99.60 Opioid 4 99.36 fortral 9 99.16 Morphine 3 99.00 imagery 62 98.40 COX2 53 95.84

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Conjunctiva Disease 44 99.88 Stress 39 99.62 Skin Cancer 10 99.52 Rheumatoid Arthritis 399 99.42 INFLAMMATION 110 99.24 Nicotine Addiction 118 98.68 Breast Cancer 97 98.36 Disease 54 98.04 Metastasis 113 97.88 Autism 60 97.36

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Several studies have demonstrated that individuals lacking the GSTM1 activity have increased risk of smoking-related diseases (21, 22).

Negative_regulation (lacking) of GSTM1 associated with nicotine addiction and disease

1) Confidence 0.43 Published 2006 Journal Journal of Korean Medical Science Section Body Doc Link PMC2721922 Disease Relevance 1.25 Pain Relevance 0.23

Allelic loss of the GSTM1 and the GSTP1 (Ile105Val) polymorphism were determined by PCR and RFLP.

Negative_regulation (loss) of GSTM1

2) Confidence 0.43 Published 2006 Journal Journal of Korean Medical Science Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2721922 Disease Relevance 1.17 Pain Relevance 0.25

Absence of GSTM1 or GSTT1 can be attributed to absence of the GSTM1 or GSTT1 gene products (null genotype) in approximately 50% and 20% of the Caucasian population, respectively.

Negative_regulation (absence) of GSTM1

3) Confidence 0.42 Published 2003 Journal Am. J. Med. Genet. A Section Abstract Doc Link 12794689 Disease Relevance 0.41 Pain Relevance 0.36

Both benzocaine and etidocaine are more effective at blocking mu1-N1584A current than the wild-type current, while they are less potent at blocking mu1-F1579A current.

Negative_regulation (blocking) of mu1 (F1579A)

4) Confidence 0.41 Published 1998 Journal Pflugers Arch. Section Abstract Doc Link 9382945 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.24

In mutation mu1-N434R, containing the positively charged arginine, the potency of S(-)-bupivacaine was selectively decreased, resulting in a stereoselectivity (stereopotency ratio) of 3.

Negative_regulation (decreased) of mu1 associated with potency

5) Confidence 0.41 Published 1999 Journal Mol. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 10419561 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.47

To our surprise, neutral benzocaine becomes more effective at blocking mu1-I1575A current than the wild-type current, whereas the opposite is found for etidocaine.

Negative_regulation (blocking) of mu1

6) Confidence 0.41 Published 1998 Journal Pflugers Arch. Section Abstract Doc Link 9382945 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.21

The affinity of BTX-resistant Na(+) channels mutated in D1-S6 (mu1-N434K, mu1-N437K) toward several LAs is significantly decreased.

Negative_regulation (decreased) of mu1 (N434K) associated with local anesthetic

7) Confidence 0.41 Published 1999 Journal Mol. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 10419561 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.47

Both benzocaine and etidocaine are more effective at blocking mu1-N1584A current than the wild-type current, while they are less potent at blocking mu1-F1579A current.

Negative_regulation (blocking) of mu1 (N1584A)

8) Confidence 0.41 Published 1998 Journal Pflugers Arch. Section Abstract Doc Link 9382945 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.24

Hypothetically, absence of GST-M1 leaves more glutathione as substrate for the co-expressed GST-P1.

Negative_regulation (absence) of GST-M1

9) Confidence 0.41 Published 2007 Journal J Transl Med Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2245909 Disease Relevance 0.61 Pain Relevance 0

However, this observation is not relevant at the biological level since the loss of activity of the GSTM1 enzyme, or GSTM1 deficiency, is associated with a deletion carried on both alleles.

Negative_regulation (deficiency) of GSTM1

10) Confidence 0.38 Published 2008 Journal BMC Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2585099 Disease Relevance 0.45 Pain Relevance 0

The most recent have concentrated on exteroceptive suppression and suggest that MU inhibition following intra- and perioral stimulation depends on the location of the MU, its background firing rate, the timing of the stimulus, and the task used to drive the unit.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of MU

11) Confidence 0.37 Published 1994 Journal Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. Section Abstract Doc Link 7999950 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast to previous data, there was no evidence that GSTM1 deficiency influences melanoma risk in the subgroup of individuals with red or blond hair.

Negative_regulation (deficiency) of GSTM1 in hair associated with skin cancer

12) Confidence 0.35 Published 2007 Journal Arch. Dermatol. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 17072629 Disease Relevance 0.82 Pain Relevance 0.35

In a recent study, the protective effect of the heterozygous CCND1 GA genotype on breast cancer risk was restricted to situations of elevated oxidative stress, characterized by absence of antioxidant GSTM1 and GSTT1 enzymes [139].

Negative_regulation (absence) of GSTM1 associated with stress and breast cancer

13) Confidence 0.35 Published 2007 Journal Breast Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC1851400 Disease Relevance 0.97 Pain Relevance 0

Furthermore, median number of MU was 6504 MU for CAT and 3455 MU for RA.

Negative_regulation (number) of MU associated with rheumatoid arthritis

14) Confidence 0.25 Published 2010 Journal Radiat Oncol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949676 Disease Relevance 1.00 Pain Relevance 0

In the present study, we have used immunohistochemistry and quantified the results to demonstrate that the levels of delta- and mu-OR subtypes were high in the VZ and SVZ between 11 and 16 gestation weeks (GW) and decreased by 20GW.

Negative_regulation (decreased) of mu-OR

15) Confidence 0.23 Published 2008 Journal Neurosci. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 18455254 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.31

However, the gene deletion of GSTM1 and GSTT1, and the C-allele of NQO1 cannot be ruled out for association with alcoholism.

Negative_regulation (deletion) of GSTM1

16) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Alcohol. Clin. Exp. Res. Section Body Doc Link 18986377 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Each treatment plan was evaluated with regard to target coverage, dose to OAR, treatment time, number of MU and irradiated normal tissue.

Negative_regulation (number) of MU

17) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Radiat Oncol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949676 Disease Relevance 0.38 Pain Relevance 0

In this context, number of MU was clearly lower for RA in 8 of 10 patients.

Negative_regulation (number) of MU associated with rheumatoid arthritis

18) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Radiat Oncol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949676 Disease Relevance 1.31 Pain Relevance 0

Dose maximum, treatment time and number of MU showed clearly better results for RA.

Negative_regulation (number) of MU associated with rheumatoid arthritis

19) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Radiat Oncol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949676 Disease Relevance 0.55 Pain Relevance 0.09

In all other cases, RA got along with obvious less number of MU (figure 4).

Negative_regulation (number) of MU associated with rheumatoid arthritis

20) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Radiat Oncol Section Body Doc Link PMC2949676 Disease Relevance 1.13 Pain Relevance 0

General Comments

This test has worked.