INT60500
From wiki-pain
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Sentences Mentioned In
Key: | Protein | Mutation | Event | Anatomy | Negation | Speculation | Pain term | Disease term |
1-PI inhibiting both PMN serine proteinase-mediated ECM destruction and thrombin- or plasmin-induced increases in macrophage MMP-12 production (Churg et al 2003b, 2007b).
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When compared to mice that received zymosan alone, at the peak of inflammation, Tmax, isoflurane decreased maximal PMN numbers (? | |||||||||||||||
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The impact of lidocaine is documented herein at multi-levels in resolution and reflects (i) increased exudate PMNs, (ii) impaired PMN apoptosis as well as their uptake by macrophages, (iii) modulating both pro- and anti-inflammatory proteins, including cytokines and chemokines. | |||||||||||||||
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Lidocaine inhibited both PMN apoptosis and macrophage uptake of apoptotic PMN, events that contributed to impaired PMN removal from exudates and thereby delayed the onset of resolution of acute inflammation and return to homeostasis. | |||||||||||||||
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Peritoneal cells collected from mice receiving lidocaine (at both 0.08% and 0.008%) together with zymosan showed significantly decreased annexin-V+Gr-1+ cells by 50% and 64%, respectively, indicating reduced PMN apoptosis (Fig. 3A). | |||||||||||||||
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As shown in Figures 1A and S1C, in the zymosan-initiated peritonitis, the number of PMN reached a maximum at 12 h. | |||||||||||||||
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Thus, exudate CRAMP/LL-37 may also contribute to increased PMN numbers obtained at 4 h in lidocaine-treated mice (Fig. 1A). | |||||||||||||||
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Lidocaine inhibited both PMN apoptosis and macrophage uptake of apoptotic PMN, events that contributed to impaired PMN removal from exudates and thereby delayed the onset of resolution of acute inflammation and return to homeostasis. | |||||||||||||||
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The time intervals between 12 h (Tmax) and 35 h (T50), exudate PMN decreased in number from 17.5×106 PMN (? | |||||||||||||||
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At 48 h after zymosan challenge, lidocaine at 0.08% also reduced PMN apoptosis ? | |||||||||||||||
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Hence resolution agonists have two main mechanisms of actions at the tissue level; they lower the numbers of infiltrating PMN to the inflamed sites and tissues; and they stimulate the active removal of debris and apoptotic PMN from the inflamed sites by non-phlogistic activation of macrophages [5]. | |||||||||||||||
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In the mice treated with both lidocaine and zymosan, the numbers of PMN continued to increase after 12 h and reached a maximum at 24 h. | |||||||||||||||
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max; maximal PMN number) to 8.8×106 PMN (R50; essentially 50% reduction of PMN). | |||||||||||||||
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Lidocaine and one of its derivatives inhibited leukocyte adhesion to veins in dogs and lidocaine reduced the incidence of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients after hip replacement, suggesting but not proving that inhibition of PMN adhesion might have contributed. | |||||||||||||||
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In that study A3-/- mice exhibited reduced pulmonary damage, and PMN migration into the lung was decreased. | |||||||||||||||
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For instance, PMN depletion attenuates experimental lung damage, pulmonary function in neutropenic patients with lung injury can deteriorate as neutropenia resolves [5], and persistent pulmonary neutrophilia in ARDS is associated with poor outcomes [6]. | |||||||||||||||
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Pharmacological blockade of PMN infiltration into reperfused tissues mitigates the extent of I/R injury [19]. | |||||||||||||||
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Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid PMN count in group I was reduced (0.36 x 10(6)PMN/mL versus 6.2 x 10(6) PML/mL; p < 0.03). | |||||||||||||||
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Adenosine is an endogenous anti-inflammatory metabolite that decreases PMN activation. | |||||||||||||||
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Our findings on neutrophils impairment are significant in view of early landmark studies by Murphy and colleagues [67], who reported an important distinction between C. gattii and C. neoformans; the former, but not the latter, could inhibit PMN chemotaxis and chemokinesis. | |||||||||||||||
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General Comments
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