INT6277

Context Info Confidence 0.70 First Reported 1980 Last Reported 2011 Negated 4 Speculated 2 Reported most in Abstract Documents 76 Total Number 78 Disease Relevance 21.45 Pain Relevance 31.09

signal transduction (Pomc) generation of precursor metabolites and energy (Pomc) extracellular space (Pomc) extracellular region (Pomc) cell-cell signaling (Pomc) cytoplasm (Pomc)

Anatomy Link Frequency plasma 15 caudate-putamen 10 pituitary 10 tail 4 hypothalamus 4 Pomc (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat antagonist 184 100.00 medulla 180 100.00 Morphine 89 100.00 Opioid 70 100.00 Enkephalin 63 100.00 Nucleus accumbens 38 100.00 opioid receptor 24 100.00 analgesia 15 100.00 antinociception 11 100.00 Substantia nigra 11 99.86

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Stress 549 99.98 Spontaneous Abortion 6 99.98 Hyperplasia 18 99.90 Cancer 268 99.84 Anorexia 84 99.84 Inflammatory Pain 6 99.84 Pain 31 99.82 Acth-secreting Pituitary Adenoma 7 99.76 Disease 30 99.72 Viral Infection 9 99.68

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Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Meanwhile, naloxone as well as muscimol and baclofen significantly attenuated the increases of the POMC gene expression induced by a single morphine administration.

Positive_regulation (induced) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC gene associated with narcan and morphine

1) Confidence 0.70 Published 2009 Journal Brain Res. Bull. Section Abstract Doc Link 19723567 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.96

Meanwhile, naloxone as well as muscimol and baclofen significantly attenuated the increases of the POMC gene expression induced by a single morphine administration.

Positive_regulation (increases) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC gene associated with narcan and morphine

2) Confidence 0.70 Published 2009 Journal Brain Res. Bull. Section Abstract Doc Link 19723567 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.96

In that, GABAergic neurotransmission appear to be involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic POMC gene expression induced by supraspinal morphine administration.

Positive_regulation (induced) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC gene associated with gabaergic and morphine

3) Confidence 0.70 Published 2009 Journal Brain Res. Bull. Section Abstract Doc Link 19723567 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.76

A single morphine administration significantly increased the hypothalamic POMC gene and beta-endorphin expression at 2h after application in dose-dependent fashion; however, repeated morphine administration had no effect on the hypothalamic POMC gene and beta-endorphin expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of beta-endorphin associated with morphine

4) Confidence 0.70 Published 2009 Journal Brain Res. Bull. Section Abstract Doc Link 19723567 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.55

Using an enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry for beta-endorphin, we showed that in vitro stimulation of T lymphocytes induced the synthesis and release of beta-endorphin and that transfer of T cells into SCID mice increased the expression of beta-endorphin in the enteric nervous system.

Positive_regulation (induced) of Gene_expression (synthesis) of beta-endorphin in enteric nervous system

5) Confidence 0.68 Published 2006 Journal Gastroenterology Section Body Doc Link 16697736 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0

Using an enzyme immunoassay and immunohistochemistry for beta-endorphin, we showed that in vitro stimulation of T lymphocytes induced the synthesis and release of beta-endorphin and that transfer of T cells into SCID mice increased the expression of beta-endorphin in the enteric nervous system.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of beta-endorphin in enteric nervous system

6) Confidence 0.68 Published 2006 Journal Gastroenterology Section Body Doc Link 16697736 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0

In vitro, T helper (Th) type 1 and type 2 cytokine stimulation of CD4+ T cells or isolation of T cells from in vivo Th-polarized mice did not increase T cell release of beta-endorphin or the induction of beta-endorphin expression in the myenteric plexus.

Positive_regulation (induction) of Gene_expression (expression) of beta-endorphin in T cells associated with cytokine

7) Confidence 0.68 Published 2007 Journal Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 16959949 Disease Relevance 0.28 Pain Relevance 0.71

Induction of neuropathy resulted in decrease of lumbar pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression in wild-type mice, but increase of POMC expression in CCK(2) (-/-) mice.

Positive_regulation (increase) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC associated with neuropathic pain and cholecystokinin

8) Confidence 0.67 Published 2004 Journal Eur. J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 15355324 Disease Relevance 0.86 Pain Relevance 1.71

In conclusion, POMC mRNA expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus was increased by inflammatory pain stimuli, in which pERK1/2, pCaMK-IIalpha and NFkappaB may play an important role in the expression of the hypothalamic POMC gene and beta-endorphin expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC mRNA in arcuate nucleus associated with ipn

9) Confidence 0.66 Published 2008 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 18329177 Disease Relevance 0.17 Pain Relevance 0.20

In addition, formalin-induced POMC mRNA expression was significantly reduced by 10 min, pretreatment with i.c.v.

Positive_regulation (induced) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC mRNA

10) Confidence 0.66 Published 2008 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 18329177 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.24

Although the exact mechanism of high plasma ACTH level in this case was unknown, these findings suggest that any substance secreted from primary adrenal nodular hyperplasia adrenal nodular hyperplasia may stimulate pituitary ACTH production.

Spec (may) Positive_regulation (stimulate) of Gene_expression (production) of ACTH in plasma associated with hyperplasia

11) Confidence 0.61 Published 1994 Journal Nippon Naibunpi Gakkai Zasshi Section Abstract Doc Link 7851619 Disease Relevance 0.67 Pain Relevance 0

Spontaneous cannabinoid withdrawal produced time-related significant alterations in gene transcription: (i) decreased (20%) tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA levels in the ventral tegmental area and increased (50%) in substantia nigra; (ii) increased proenkephalin (PENK) gene expression more than 100% in caudate-putamen, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle and piriform cortex; (iii) increased (20-40%) pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of pro-opiomelanocortin in caudate-putamen associated with nucleus accumbens, ventral tegmentum, substantia nigra, cannabinoid and withdrawal

12) Confidence 0.57 Published 2003 Journal J. Neurochem. Section Abstract Doc Link 12641731 Disease Relevance 0.23 Pain Relevance 0.82

Food restriction reduces hypothalamic pomc mRNA expression [49], whereas hypothalamic pomc mRNA expression is increased in overfed rats [50].

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of pomc mRNA associated with eating disorder

13) Confidence 0.56 Published 2007 Journal Nutr Metab (Lond) Section Body Doc Link PMC2018708 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 0.08

A single morphine administration significantly increased the hypothalamic POMC gene and beta-endorphin expression at 2h after application in dose-dependent fashion; however, repeated morphine administration had no effect on the hypothalamic POMC gene and beta-endorphin expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC gene associated with morphine

14) Confidence 0.50 Published 2009 Journal Brain Res. Bull. Section Abstract Doc Link 19723567 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.55

The data support the hypothesis that beta-endorphin, morphine and DPDPE produce antinociception by stimulating specific epsilon, mu- and delta-opioid receptors, respectively.

Positive_regulation (stimulating) of Gene_expression (produce) of beta-endorphin associated with antinociception, delta opioid receptors and morphine

15) Confidence 0.50 Published 1990 Journal Life Sci. Section Abstract Doc Link 2157119 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.59

Ethanol oral self-administration is increased in mutant mice with decreased beta-endorphin expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of beta-endorphin

16) Confidence 0.50 Published 1999 Journal Brain Res. Section Title Doc Link 10448196 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 0.35

We have reported previously that beta-endorphin and morphine administered supraspinally produce analgesia by activating different descending pain inhibitory systems in rats.

Positive_regulation (activating) of Gene_expression (produce) of beta-endorphin associated with pain, analgesia and morphine

17) Confidence 0.49 Published 1988 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 2966856 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.90

We have previously demonstrated that beta-endorphin and morphine, when administered supraspinally, produce antinociception by activating different descending pain inhibitory systems in both rats and mice.

Positive_regulation (activating) of Gene_expression (produce) of beta-endorphin associated with pain, antinociception and morphine

18) Confidence 0.49 Published 1994 Journal Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. Section Abstract Doc Link 7969510 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0.98

Therefore, our results suggest that nonpolarized CD4+ T cells release beta-endorphin, which, through an interaction with MOR, stimulates an upregulation of beta-endorphin expression in the myenteric plexus.

Positive_regulation (upregulation) of Gene_expression (expression) of beta-endorphin in T cells associated with opioid receptor

19) Confidence 0.49 Published 2007 Journal Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. Section Abstract Doc Link 16959949 Disease Relevance 0.22 Pain Relevance 0.61

The proopiomelanocortin (POMC) gene expression of AtT20 mouse pituitary cells is dependent on cell culture conditions.

Positive_regulation (dependent) of Gene_expression (expression) of POMC in pituitary

20) Confidence 0.49 Published 1994 Journal Cell. Mol. Biol. (Noisy-le-grand) Section Title Doc Link 8003951 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.08

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