INT77249

Context Info Confidence 0.67 First Reported 1998 Last Reported 2010 Negated 4 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 24 Total Number 26 Disease Relevance 16.09 Pain Relevance 8.17

pigmentation (gr)

Anatomy Link Frequency brain 6 neuron 4 plasma 2 Gill 2 parathyroid 2 gr (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Morphine 31 100.00 antagonist 20 100.00 spinal inflammation 4 100.00 antidepressant 52 99.90 fluoxetine 20 99.74 Hippocampus 59 99.68 Inflammation 226 99.56 Desipramine 7 99.34 rheumatoid arthritis 7 99.32 depression 58 98.76

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Parkinson's Disease 216 100.00 Low Back Pain 4 100.00 Targeted Disruption 46 99.88 Hepatocellular Cancer 2 99.60 INFLAMMATION 287 99.56 Rheumatoid Arthritis 7 99.32 Stress 178 99.24 Depression 69 98.76 Disease 294 98.72 Urological Neuroanatomy 18 98.60

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Thus, the early life stress-induced disruption of the normal stress-hyporesponsive period during infancy is accompanied by increased GR expression.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR associated with stress

1) Confidence 0.67 Published 2010 Journal Dev. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 20453467 Disease Relevance 1.19 Pain Relevance 0.18

However, neither the time of onset nor the mechanism(s) leading to decreased GR expression during postnatal development are known.

Neg (neither) Positive_regulation (leading) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR

2) Confidence 0.67 Published 2010 Journal Dev. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 20453467 Disease Relevance 0.76 Pain Relevance 0.05

In both strains, real-time RT-PCR experiments revealed that decreased expression of GR in adolescence and adulthood is, in fact, preceded by increased GR expression during early life stress exposure.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR associated with stress and sprains and strains

3) Confidence 0.67 Published 2010 Journal Dev. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 20453467 Disease Relevance 1.19 Pain Relevance 0.16

These findings illustrate that the impact of early life stress on gene expression changes is modulated by the genetic background and that the persistent changes in GR and egr-1 expression that arise early during postnatal developmental are reversible by chronic fluoxetine treatment during adolescence and adulthood.

Positive_regulation (arise) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR associated with stress and fluoxetine

4) Confidence 0.48 Published 2010 Journal Dev. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 20453467 Disease Relevance 0.79 Pain Relevance 0.20

The beneficial effect of CpdA required expression of the GR in T cells and was achieved by down regulating LFA-1 and CD44 on peripheral Th cells and by repressing IL-17 production.

Positive_regulation (required) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR in T cells

5) Confidence 0.28 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2781169 Disease Relevance 0.75 Pain Relevance 0.13

The capacity of GR to repress NF-?

Positive_regulation (capacity) of Gene_expression (capacity) of GR

6) Confidence 0.24 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC1819560 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 0.22

Microarray results indicated the inhibitory effects of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor 1 (CRFR1) and GR antagonists (antalarmin and RU486, respectively, blocked 65% of ethanol activation, P < 0.05) on gene expression activation of the B3 subcluster (Figure 4f, g).

Positive_regulation (activation) of Gene_expression (effects) of GR associated with antagonist

7) Confidence 0.21 Published 2010 Journal Genome Biol Section Body Doc Link PMC2898085 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.17

Although the expressional changes were weak, duodenal expressions of glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the vitamin D receptor (VDR), and renal expressions of the parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR) and VDR were increased following 24 h treatment with Dex.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expressions) of GR in parathyroid

8) Confidence 0.21 Published 2009 Journal Life Sci. Section Body Doc Link 19490920 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Anatomical findings regarding GR-modulated inflammatory gene expression

Positive_regulation (findings) of Gene_expression (regarding) of GR associated with inflammation

9) Confidence 0.21 Published 2007 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC1819560 Disease Relevance 0.60 Pain Relevance 0.31

Moreover, this stress exposure paradigm caused a rise in basal plasma corticosterone levels, paralleled with an increased expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor 1 [78].

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR in plasma associated with stress

10) Confidence 0.19 Published 2010 Journal International Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Section Body Doc Link PMC2952897 Disease Relevance 1.60 Pain Relevance 0.23

In addition, was observed on failure day that GR as well as ?

Positive_regulation (observed) of Neg (failure) Gene_expression (observed) of GR

11) Confidence 0.18 Published 2007 Journal Malar J Section Body Doc Link PMC1864988 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Conversely, blocking the action of endogenous anti-inflammatory molecules, such as glucocorticoid hormones in transgenic mice expressing a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antisense RNA, sharply increases microglial activation in response to MPTP, resulting in increased DAergic neuron vulnerability [8,10,11].

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expressing) of GR in neuron associated with parkinson's disease, targeted disruption and inflammation

12) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal J Neuroinflammation Section Body Doc Link PMC3000390 Disease Relevance 1.56 Pain Relevance 0.64

Conversely, blocking the action of endogenous anti-inflammatory molecules, such as glucocorticoid hormones in transgenic mice expressing a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antisense RNA, sharply increases microglial activation in response to MPTP, resulting in increased DAergic neuron vulnerability [8,10,11].

Positive_regulation (increases) of Gene_expression (expressing) of GR in neuron associated with parkinson's disease, targeted disruption and inflammation

13) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal J Neuroinflammation Section Body Doc Link PMC3000390 Disease Relevance 1.53 Pain Relevance 0.62

Differences in GR and ?

Positive_regulation (Differences) of Gene_expression (Differences) of GR

14) Confidence 0.16 Published 2007 Journal Malar J Section Body Doc Link PMC1864988 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The superior mnemonic performance of the handled animals could be attributed to the increased levels of GR, since they are involved in the consolidation of learned information and their activation is a prerequisite for optimal memory [5].

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (levels) of GR in superior

15) Confidence 0.14 Published 2005 Journal Ann Gen Psychiatry Section Body Doc Link PMC1090442 Disease Relevance 0.51 Pain Relevance 0.11

Our results show that vertical GR decreases response strengths at 0° by ?

Positive_regulation (vertical) of Gene_expression (vertical) of GR

16) Confidence 0.11 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2671604 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast, expression of the major exon 1(10) and another brain-specific exon 1(5)-containing GR mRNAs were unchanged.

Neg (unchanged) Positive_regulation (unchanged) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR in brain

17) Confidence 0.10 Published 2004 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 15469896 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.47

Because antidepressants can increase glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression and potentially normalize the HPA axis, this has been proposed as one mechanism of action (Barden et al 1995; Holsboer 2000; Herr et al 2003).

Positive_regulation (increase) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR associated with antidepressant

18) Confidence 0.10 Published 2005 Journal Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Section Body Doc Link PMC2426818 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0.52

along with the induction of c-fos, c-jun, and GR gene expression in human hepatoma NPLC-KC cells (Gill et al. 1998).

Positive_regulation (induction) of Gene_expression (expression) of GR in Gill associated with hepatocellular cancer

19) Confidence 0.08 Published 2008 Journal Gene Regulation and Systems Biology Section Body Doc Link PMC2733102 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.19

Western blot study revealed that GR level was significantly elevated in the hippocampus but not in the frontal cortex of prenatally stressed rats, whereas concentration of FKBP51 was decreased only in the former brain structure.

Neg (not) Positive_regulation (elevated) of Gene_expression (level) of GR in brain structure associated with urological neuroanatomy and hippocampus

20) Confidence 0.07 Published 2009 Journal Psychoneuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 19195790 Disease Relevance 0.90 Pain Relevance 0.35

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