INT8089

Context Info Confidence 0.48 First Reported 1983 Last Reported 2010 Negated 2 Speculated 2 Reported most in Abstract Documents 47 Total Number 49 Disease Relevance 10.04 Pain Relevance 13.99

extracellular space (Gnrh1) extracellular region (Gnrh1) molecular_function (Gnrh1)

Anatomy Link Frequency neurons 5 pituitary 5 brain structure 2 gonadotrophs 2 uterine 1 Gnrh1 (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat agonist 50 100.00 opiate 36 100.00 palliative 1 100.00 narcan 52 99.98 Enkephalin 11 99.88 Opioid 17 99.76 Dopamine 16 99.74 Endogenous opioid 6 99.70 antagonist 80 99.56 GABAergic 12 99.46

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Alzheimer's Dementia 455 100.00 Urological Neuroanatomy 8 99.74 Lordosis 8 99.08 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 6 99.08 Bordatella Infection 5 99.08 Uremia 9 98.78 Reprotox - General 1 11 98.42 Increased Venous Pressure Under Development 13 97.64 Death 6 97.64 Nociception 15 97.40

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

In conclusion, LHRH may interact with central opioid systems causing an increased sensitivity to nociceptive stimulation (hyperalgesia) and reduction of the antinociceptive effect of morphine.

LHRH Binding (interact) of associated with nociception, hyperalgesia, antinociceptive, opioid and morphine

1) Confidence 0.48 Published 1990 Journal Endocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 2197079 Disease Relevance 0.46 Pain Relevance 1.48

This facilitatory, modulating effect at the pituitary level involves an allosteric increase in LHRH binding to its receptor leading to augmented influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space.

LHRH Binding (binding) of in pituitary

2) Confidence 0.46 Published 1992 Journal Front Neuroendocrinol Section Abstract Doc Link 1361458 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.17

Whether the inhibition of Na channels is one of the several effects of LHRH-receptor interaction remains to be determined.

LHRH-receptor Binding (interaction) of

3) Confidence 0.45 Published 1991 Journal Endocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 1989862 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.70

We conclude that an opiate delta receptor subtype is endogenously activated in the pituitary of castrated male rats to prevent masking of GnRH binding.

GnRH Binding (binding) of in pituitary associated with opiate

4) Confidence 0.45 Published 1998 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 9873202 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.85

Under control incubation conditions, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) binds only a fraction of its receptors in rat-cultivated pituitary cells.

GnRH Binding (binds) of in pituitary

5) Confidence 0.45 Published 1998 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 9873202 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.07

In an attempt to characterize the pharmacology of opiate effects, naloxone (10 microM), a poorly selective opiate antagonist, restored masking of GnRH binding in cells from castrates.

GnRH Binding (binding) of associated with antagonist, narcan and opiate

6) Confidence 0.45 Published 1998 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 9873202 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0.92

Spontaneous unmasking of GnRH binding was found reversed by pertussis toxin (PTX), an inhibitor of alphai and alphao subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins, and by U73122, a phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor.

GnRH Binding (binding) of associated with bordatella infection

7) Confidence 0.45 Published 1998 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 9873202 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.34

Our data show that the concomitant administration of the pure antiandrogen flutamide in association with the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist (D-Trp6) luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ethylamide caused a 64 to 78 per cent decrease in serum prostatic acid phosphatase on days 3 and 7 after the start of treatment in 70 patients with previously untreated stage D2 prostatic cancer.

luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone Binding (association) of associated with agonist and prostate cancer

8) Confidence 0.45 Published 1987 Journal J. Urol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3309363 Disease Relevance 0.51 Pain Relevance 0.21

We have examined the pharmacology of the voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels (VSCCs) that mediate gonadotropin secretion from primary cultures of rat pituitary cells, stimulated by either cell depolarization or by binding of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

GnRH Binding (binding) of in pituitary

9) Confidence 0.44 Published 1990 Journal Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2170211 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.09

Thus, the novel model enables detection of interactions of administered hormones with endogenous GnRH.

GnRH Binding (interactions) of

10) Confidence 0.42 Published 1995 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 7716067 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.16

Pentobarbital stimulates the activity of the GnRH pulse generator interacting with opioid neurons in rats in proestrus.

GnRH Binding (interacting) of in neurons associated with narcan and opioid

11) Confidence 0.38 Published 2000 Journal Psychoneuroendocrinology Section Title Doc Link 10737698 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.38

Abundant evidence suggests that opiatergic neurons play an important intermediary role in the regulation of LHRH release by ovarian steroids; however, it is unclear whether opiates communicate directly or indirectly with LHRH neurons.

LHRH Spec (whether) Binding (communicate) of in neurons associated with opiate

12) Confidence 0.37 Published 1997 Journal Endocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 9075729 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.26

Since we observed no competition between LHRH and naloxone for their binding sites in pituitary or brain, the only viable interpretation of our results is that naloxone increases LH by inducing the release of LHRH.

LHRH Neg (no) Binding (competition) of in brain associated with narcan

13) Confidence 0.37 Published 1985 Journal Life Sci. Section Abstract Doc Link 3894852 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.66

Stimulation of CRH neurones in the paraventricular nucleus also activates gamma-aminobenzoic acid and opioid neurones in the medial preoptic area and reduces GnRH cell recruitment, thereby decreasing GnRH pulse frequency.

GnRH Binding (recruitment) of in medial associated with urological neuroanatomy and opioid

14) Confidence 0.37 Published 2003 Journal Reproduction Section Abstract Doc Link 12578529 Disease Relevance 0.96 Pain Relevance 0.54

Physiological and pharmacological evidence has suggested that both endogenous opiates and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) itself can act centrally to exert a tonic inhibition on gonadotropin secretion via an inhibition of the neurosecretion of GnRH.

GnRH Binding (opiates) of associated with opiate

15) Confidence 0.37 Published 1989 Journal J. Comp. Neurol. Section Abstract Doc Link 2671062 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.10

Therefore, interaction between oxytocin and GnRH in the control of LH may be postulated.

GnRH Binding (interaction) of

16) Confidence 0.37 Published 1995 Journal Peptides Section Abstract Doc Link 7716067 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.08

The overlapping distribution patterns of iron and gamma-aminobutyric acid, enkephalin, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone suggest that the distribution of iron is related to its association with the metabolism of one or more neurotransmitters or neuroactive compounds.

luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone Binding (association) of associated with neurotransmitter and enkephalin

17) Confidence 0.37 Published 1984 Journal Neuroscience Section Abstract Doc Link 6717804 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.23

The initial stage in activation of gonadotrophs by GnRH appears to be binding to and clustering--probably dimerization--of GnRH receptors.

GnRH Binding (binding) of in gonadotrophs

18) Confidence 0.37 Published 1983 Journal Clin Endocrinol Metab Section Abstract Doc Link 6323066 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.15

The role of endogenous opiate peptides in the mesencephalic central gray (MCG) and their possible interactions with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the regulation of lordosis behavior was assessed in ovariectomized, estrogen-treated and estrogen-progesterone-treated female rats.

GnRH Binding (interactions) of in central gray associated with opiate and lordosis

19) Confidence 0.37 Published 1984 Journal Neuroendocrinology Section Abstract Doc Link 6209590 Disease Relevance 0.26 Pain Relevance 0.35

We studied whether Na+ and Ca2+ channels are involved in the neural mechanism responsible for the surge of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in proestrous rats.

GnRH Binding (surge) of in neural

20) Confidence 0.36 Published 2003 Journal Endocr. J. Section Abstract Doc Link 12803234 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.26

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