INT9683

Context Info Confidence 0.47 First Reported 1983 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 57 Total Number 58 Disease Relevance 21.14 Pain Relevance 5.99

extracellular space (GH1) extracellular region (GH1)

Anatomy Link Frequency plasma 5 pituitary 4 Blood 2 liver 2 hypothalamus 1 GH1 (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat opiate 5 100.00 rheumatoid arthritis 79 99.92 Morphine 12 99.40 Clonidine 74 98.64 antagonist 23 97.44 cva 12 96.20 tolerance 105 95.88 opioid receptor 4 95.88 narcan 11 94.24 Enkephalin 2 92.08

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Pituitary Cancer 223 99.98 Rheumatoid Arthritis 79 99.92 Acromegaly 457 99.88 Adenoma 346 99.78 Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia 63 99.76 Disease 162 99.60 Craniopharyngioma 1 99.54 Chronic Disease 4 99.44 Hearing Impairment 5 99.32 Chronic Renal Failure 130 99.30

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

It seems likely that a cholinergic mechanism may interact with opiate-induced changes in GH in man.

GH Binding (interact) of associated with opiate

1) Confidence 0.47 Published 1983 Journal Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) Section Abstract Doc Link 6409456 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.40

In healthy individuals, the kidney accounts for about 50% of the total MCR,23 and it is less than this in patients with renal disease,24 whereas extrarenal elimination (mostly via the liver) does not seem to differ significantly between the two groups.23 However, the situation is made more complex by the fact that GH also exists (reversibly) bound to GHBP, which is decreased in ESRD patients; the relative amounts of bound GH will most likely also correlate with the GH elimination rate.

GH Binding (bound) of in liver associated with chronic renal failure and renal disease

2) Confidence 0.39 Published 2007 Journal Clinical Endocrinology Section Body Doc Link PMC2366021 Disease Relevance 0.53 Pain Relevance 0.06

The form in which GH is supplied and administered entails taking an inconvenient hospital method into the daily family routine.

GH Binding (administered) of

3) Confidence 0.37 Published 1988 Journal Acta Paediatr Scand Suppl Section Abstract Doc Link 3057801 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.05

Blood was sampled for GH radioimmunoassay at 0', 30', 60', 90', 120', 150', 180'.

GH Binding (radioimmunoassay) of in Blood

4) Confidence 0.37 Published 1988 Journal Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 3243343 Disease Relevance 0.59 Pain Relevance 0.75

These tests both produced a wide variation in GH response in normal volunteers, considerable GH release following hp GRF 1-44 amide but little after clonidine in idiopathic GH deficiency, and indistinguishable, negligible responses in patients with craniopharyngiomas and pituitary tumours associated with GH deficiency.

GH Binding (associated) of in pituitary associated with craniopharyngioma, pituitary cancer and clonidine

5) Confidence 0.37 Published 1984 Journal Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf) Section Abstract Doc Link 6432378 Disease Relevance 0.35 Pain Relevance 0.18

Growth hormone (GH)-binding protein regulation by estrogen, progesterone, and gonadotropins in human: the effect of ovulation induction with menopausal gonadotropins, GH, and gestation.

Growth hormone Binding (-binding) of associated with endometriosis (extended)

6) Confidence 0.36 Published 1992 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Title Doc Link 1430084 Disease Relevance 0.23 Pain Relevance 0.13

Familial isolated growth-hormone deficiency with advanced sexual maturation.

growth-hormone Binding (deficiency) of

7) Confidence 0.36 Published 1993 Journal Am. J. Dis. Child. Section Title Doc Link 8427240 Disease Relevance 0.19 Pain Relevance 0.09

To our knowledge, this is the first report of a familial association between growth-hormone deficiency and advanced bone and sexual maturation.

growth-hormone Binding (association) of

8) Confidence 0.35 Published 1993 Journal Am. J. Dis. Child. Section Abstract Doc Link 8427240 Disease Relevance 0.13 Pain Relevance 0.07

Immunohistochemical analysis indicated positive reactivity for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and growth hormone (GH), and in situ hybridization indicated the expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and GH mRNA.

GH Binding (reactivity) of

9) Confidence 0.32 Published 2001 Journal Acta Neuropathol. Section Abstract Doc Link 11699555 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0.15

The reduced clearance observed for ESRD patients in the current study (58% of that for healthy individuals) is in agreement with other studies which have demonstrated a reduction in the metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of GH of about 50% for patients with chronic renal failure, and commensurate with a GH plasma half-life double that of healthy controls.23–25 GH appears to be eliminated in humans by a biocompartmental model,25,33 with unbound GH in a central compartment and GHBPs and bound GH in a peripheral compartment.

GH Binding (unbound) of in plasma associated with chronic renal failure

10) Confidence 0.30 Published 2007 Journal Clinical Endocrinology Section Body Doc Link PMC2366021 Disease Relevance 0.39 Pain Relevance 0

The combination of GH/IGF-I was much more potent in improving nitrogen balance.

GH Binding (combination) of

11) Confidence 0.30 Published 1993 Journal Horm. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 8300052 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0.08

Tumor excision, usually by the trans-sphenoidal route, is the most rapid way of reducing GH and IGF-I concentrations in patients with acromegaly.

GH Binding (concentrations) of associated with acromegaly and cancer

12) Confidence 0.29 Published 2008 Journal Orphanet J Rare Dis Section Body Doc Link PMC2459162 Disease Relevance 0.83 Pain Relevance 0.06

GH circulates in plasma as a mixture of different molecular forms: 22 kDa GH, 20 kDa GH, a GH-binding protein (GH-BP) linked form, dimers and polymers [61].

GH Binding (linked) of in plasma

13) Confidence 0.29 Published 2008 Journal Orphanet J Rare Dis Section Body Doc Link PMC2459162 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.03

Other difficult problems include a typical clinical picture of acromegaly in a patient with normal IGF-I and GH concentrations.

GH Binding (patient) of associated with acromegaly

14) Confidence 0.29 Published 2008 Journal Orphanet J Rare Dis Section Body Doc Link PMC2459162 Disease Relevance 0.79 Pain Relevance 0

The reduced clearance observed for ESRD patients in the current study (58% of that for healthy individuals) is in agreement with other studies which have demonstrated a reduction in the metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of GH of about 50% for patients with chronic renal failure, and commensurate with a GH plasma half-life double that of healthy controls.23–25 GH appears to be eliminated in humans by a biocompartmental model,25,33 with unbound GH in a central compartment and GHBPs and bound GH in a peripheral compartment.

GH Binding (bound) of in plasma associated with chronic renal failure

15) Confidence 0.29 Published 2007 Journal Clinical Endocrinology Section Body Doc Link PMC2366021 Disease Relevance 0.40 Pain Relevance 0

Many who treat children with ISS believe that by increasing adult height they are improving quality of life.50 However, there is little objective data to support this notion.51 In fact, the idea that short stature is a problem that can be addressed by GH treatment has been recently challenged in the popular press.52 Recent reviews of available instruments for evaluating quality of life in children with GHD or ISS suggest that it should be possible to do the studies that could help answer whether treatment with GH has a positive or negative effect on quality of life.53,54 The question of efficacy of GH treatment is particularly relevant because of the expense of GH therapy: perhaps as much as US$52,634 per inch.55 In spite of the difficulty of demonstrating that an increase in height also results in increased quality of life, children with ISS have been treated with GH since at least the inception of the NCGS in 1985, accounting for approximately 20% of those patients treated with GH.56 Savage57 has suggested that 1) if growth hormone therapy is restricted to a height threshold of ?

GH Spec (whether) Binding (treatment) of associated with growth hormone deficiency and growth problems

16) Confidence 0.27 Published 2010 Journal Biologics : Targets & Therapy Section Body Doc Link PMC2898102 Disease Relevance 0.80 Pain Relevance 0

GH circulates in plasma as a mixture of different molecular forms: 22 kDa GH, 20 kDa GH, a GH-binding protein (GH-BP) linked form, dimers and polymers [61].

GH Binding (linked) of in plasma

17) Confidence 0.26 Published 2008 Journal Orphanet J Rare Dis Section Body Doc Link PMC2459162 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.03

Sixteen healthy elderly women (mean age +/- SEM, 71.9 +/- 1.3 yr) were randomly assigned to receive either rhGH (GH; n = 5), low dose rhIGF-I (n = 6), or high dose rhIGF-I (n = 5).

GH Binding (receive) of

18) Confidence 0.26 Published 1995 Journal J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Section Abstract Doc Link 7539817 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

A combination of two drugs was used: PIO (Actos 30 mg/d, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, http://www.tpna.com) or its placebo and recombinant human GH (Nutropin AQ 8 ?

GH Binding (recombinant) of

19) Confidence 0.25 Published 2007 Journal PLoS Clinical Trials Section Body Doc Link PMC1865086 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0.06

The receptor protein, measured by [125I]GH binding, showed a time-delayed increase compared with the GHR mRNA changes.

GH Binding (binding) of

20) Confidence 0.24 Published 1997 Journal Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. Section Abstract Doc Link 9484910 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.76

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