INT134413

Context Info Confidence 0.77 First Reported 2006 Last Reported 2011 Negated 0 Speculated 4 Reported most in Body Documents 20 Total Number 24 Disease Relevance 8.93 Pain Relevance 3.28

isomerase activity (HPGDS) signal transduction (HPGDS) nucleolus (HPGDS) nucleus (HPGDS) cytoplasm (HPGDS)

Anatomy Link Frequency cartilage 7 mast cells 2 hematopoietic systems 1 lymphocytes 1 Th2 cells 1 HPGDS (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Osteoarthritis 376 99.84 Inflammation 256 99.52 tolerance 7 98.68 Central nervous system 8 97.12 palliative 1 93.72 cytokine 43 92.80 cINOD 23 85.12 aspirin 9 77.44 Paracetamol 2 74.16 imagery 8 70.96

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Osteoarthritis 384 99.84 INFLAMMATION 295 99.52 Hypersensitivity 46 99.12 Nicotine Addiction 63 98.20 Lung Cancer 55 96.80 Body Weight 1 96.74 Testicular Cancer 11 96.00 Non-small-cell Lung Cancer 24 95.08 Cancer 131 94.28 Disease 91 90.80

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Human H-PGDS was expressed recombinantly in Escherichia coli and purified as described previously (Aritake et al., 2006 ?).

Gene_expression (expressed) of PGDS

1) Confidence 0.77 Published 2010 Journal Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications Section Body Doc Link PMC2898477 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

of H-PGDS is 0.39?

Gene_expression (is) of H-PGDS

2) Confidence 0.57 Published 2011 Journal Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Section Body Doc Link PMC3004263 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

reported that crystals of H-PGDS in complexes with novel inhibitors, which were grown in microgravity in 2007, diffracted up to a 1.1?

Gene_expression (crystals) of H-PGDS

3) Confidence 0.57 Published 2011 Journal Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Section Body Doc Link PMC3004263 Disease Relevance 0.51 Pain Relevance 0.20

, H-PGDS was crystallized under 25 different conditions in total, both in space and on the ground: 22 with an inhibitor and three without an inhibitor but with a different divalent metal ion (Mg2+: sample ID S/G6; Ca2+: sample ID S/G7) or a chelating agent (EDTA: sample ID S/G8).

Gene_expression (crystallized) of H-PGDS

4) Confidence 0.57 Published 2011 Journal Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Section Body Doc Link PMC3004263 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Human haematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS; EC 5.3.99.2) produces prostaglandin D2, an allergic and inflammatory mediator, in mast cells and Th2 cells.

Gene_expression (produces) of haematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in Th2 cells associated with inflammation and hypersensitivity

5) Confidence 0.52 Published 2010 Journal Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2898477 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0.05

Haematopoietic PGD synthase (H-PGDS) is known to be expressed in mast cells, antigen-presenting cells and Th2 lymphocytes (Lewis et al., 1982 ?

Gene_expression (expressed) of PGDS in mast cells

6) Confidence 0.52 Published 2010 Journal Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications Section Body Doc Link PMC2898477 Disease Relevance 0.30 Pain Relevance 0.23

Hematopoietic prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (H-PGDS; EC 5.3.99.2) is a clinically important protein that is widely distributed in hematopoietic systems, and produces PGD2 from cyclooxygenase-derived PGH2 (Kanaoka & Urade, 2003 ?).

Gene_expression (produces) of H-PGDS in hematopoietic systems

7) Confidence 0.51 Published 2011 Journal Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Section Body Doc Link PMC3004263 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0.20

Human H-PGDS was expressed and purified as previously described (Aritake et al., 2006 ?

Gene_expression (expressed) of H-PGDS

8) Confidence 0.51 Published 2011 Journal Journal of Synchrotron Radiation Section Body Doc Link PMC3004263 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

Using several commercially available antibodies directed against human H-PGDS, we were unable to detect H-PGDS protein expression in OA or healthy cartilage.

Gene_expression (expression) of H-PGDS in cartilage associated with osteoarthritis

9) Confidence 0.48 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.61 Pain Relevance 0.31

Next, we used immunohistohemistry to analyze the localization and the expression level of L-PGDS and H-PGDS proteins in healthy and OA cartilage.

Spec (analyze) Gene_expression (expression) of H-PGDS in cartilage associated with osteoarthritis

10) Confidence 0.48 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.48 Pain Relevance 0.24

H-PGDS is expressed mainly in mast cells [25], megakaryocytes [26], and T-helper 2 lymphocytes [27].

Gene_expression (expressed) of H-PGDS in lymphocytes

11) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.55 Pain Relevance 0.27

So far, little is known about the expression and regulation of L-PGDS and H-PGDS in cartilage.

Gene_expression (expression) of H-PGDS in cartilage

12) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.45 Pain Relevance 0.26

Expressions of L-PGDS and H-PGDS in healthy and osteoarthritis cartilage

Gene_expression (Expressions) of H-PGDS in cartilage associated with osteoarthritis

13) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0.20

The expressions of H-PGDS and L-PGDS mRNA and protein in cartilage were analyzed by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Spec (analyzed) Gene_expression (expressions) of H-PGDS in cartilage

14) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.50 Pain Relevance 0.21

The aims of this study were to investigate the expressions of H-PGDS and L-PGDS in cartilage from healthy donors and from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) and to characterize their regulation by interleukin-1-beta (IL-1?)

Spec (investigate) Gene_expression (expressions) of H-PGDS in cartilage associated with osteoarthritis

15) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.45 Pain Relevance 0.19

To better understand the role of PGD2 in the joint, we investigated the expressions of H-PGDS and L-PGDS in healthy and OA cartilage.

Spec (investigated) Gene_expression (expressions) of H-PGDS in cartilage associated with osteoarthritis

16) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2656251 Disease Relevance 0.30 Pain Relevance 0.21

Second, as discussed below, humans express a large number of different GSTs with overlapping substrate specificities, and the effects of polymorphisms (including gene deletions) affecting one GST may be masked by the activity of others.

Gene_expression (express) of GSTs

17) Confidence 0.34 Published 2010 Journal Human Genomics and Proteomics : HGP Section Body Doc Link PMC2958679 Disease Relevance 0.17 Pain Relevance 0.07

PatchDock successfully detected the surface pockets of PGDS, PGES, PGFS and PGIS and they are in agreement with previously published data [22-30]on the putative binding site of PGH2.

Gene_expression (detected) of PGDS

18) Confidence 0.33 Published 2010 Journal BMC Bioinformatics Section Body Doc Link PMC3009524 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Orally administered HQL-79 (30 mg/kg body weight) inhibited antigen-induced production of PGD2, without affecting the production of PGE2 and PGF2alpha, and ameliorated airway inflammation in wild-type and human H-PGDS-overexpressing mice.

Gene_expression (overexpressing) of H-PGDS in body associated with body weight and inflammation

19) Confidence 0.23 Published 2006 Journal J. Biol. Chem. Section Abstract Doc Link 16547010 Disease Relevance 0.28 Pain Relevance 0.13

Human haematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS; EC 5.3.99.2) produces prostaglandin D2, an allergic and inflammatory mediator, in mast cells and Th2 cells.

Gene_expression (produces) of haematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase in mast cells associated with inflammation and hypersensitivity

20) Confidence 0.18 Published 2010 Journal Acta Crystallographica Section F: Structural Biology and Crystallization Communications Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2898477 Disease Relevance 0.20 Pain Relevance 0.05

General Comments

This test has worked.