INT14575

Context Info Confidence 0.70 First Reported 1989 Last Reported 2010 Negated 4 Speculated 0 Reported most in Abstract Documents 60 Total Number 60 Disease Relevance 9.97 Pain Relevance 27.40

cofactor metabolic process (Ppt1) Golgi apparatus (Ppt1) cytosol (Ppt1) extracellular space (Ppt1) protein modification process (Ppt1) extracellular region (Ppt1)

Anatomy Link Frequency striatum 5 muscle 3 NAc 3 PPT 2 neurons 2 Ppt1 (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat substance P 65 100.00 Pain threshold 19 100.00 Nucleus accumbens 19 99.76 qutenza 38 99.72 Paracetamol 14 99.46 cocaine 21 99.34 Dopamine 97 99.32 antagonist 27 99.26 Sciatic nerve 15 99.16 Nicotine 21 99.04

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Pain 147 100.00 Stress 108 99.16 Urological Neuroanatomy 1 98.28 Experimental Arthritis 4 97.76 Nociception 103 97.00 Hyperalgesia 235 95.52 INFLAMMATION 108 94.36 Arthritis 10 91.80 Post Operative Pain 7 91.36 Sprains And Strains 2 85.28

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

We conclude that glutamatergic stimulation of PPT has a significant impact on the brainstem respiratory pattern generator.

Positive_regulation (stimulation) of PPT in brainstem associated with medulla and urological neuroanatomy

1) Confidence 0.70 Published 2003 Journal Respir Physiol Neurobiol Section Abstract Doc Link 14609512 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 0.39

Thus, we conclude that respiratory suppression produced by the local activation of PPT neurons may not necessarily be accompanied by an REM-sleep-like cortical state in this anesthetized model.

Positive_regulation (activation) of PPT in respiratory

2) Confidence 0.70 Published 2005 Journal Sleep Breath Section Abstract Doc Link 15968572 Disease Relevance 0.14 Pain Relevance 0.23

The decrease in PPT-A mRNA levels induced by the neonatal DA lesion was not changed after SR46349B treatment in the posterior part of the lesioned striatum.

Positive_regulation (induced) of PPT in striatum associated with dopamine

3) Confidence 0.67 Published 2002 Journal J. Neurosci. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 11754083 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.49

Following injection of adjuvant into the bilateral hind paws, the levels of PPT-A mRNA were significantly increased in the dorsal root ganglia at L4-L6 levels and the lumbar spinal cord, but not in the striatum, midbrain and medulla oblongata.

Positive_regulation (increased) of PPT in striatum associated with medulla, midbrain and spinal cord

4) Confidence 0.67 Published 1989 Journal Neurosci. Lett. Section Abstract Doc Link 2469044 Disease Relevance 0.32 Pain Relevance 0.69

In cocaine-treated rats, we measured concomitant increases of PPDYN and PPE mRNA in the rostral pole, an isolated induction of PPT-A mRNA signals in the core without any change in the two shell subregions: the cone and the ventral shell.

Positive_regulation (induction) of PPT in shell associated with cocaine

5) Confidence 0.67 Published 1998 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9526067 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.82

In contrast, after nicotine and ethanol, the ventral shell was the only accumbal subregion which showed a neuropeptide mRNA alteration, nicotine leading to decreased PPDYN mRNA and ethanol to increased PPT-A mRNA contents.

Positive_regulation (increased) of PPT in ventral associated with nicotine and neuropeptide

6) Confidence 0.67 Published 1998 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9526067 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.78

In the dorsal striatum, cocaine produced simultaneous PPDYN and PPT-A mRNA increases without PPE mRNA change whereas nicotine and ethanol produced no modification.

Positive_regulation (increases) of PPT in dorsal associated with nicotine and cocaine

7) Confidence 0.67 Published 1998 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 9526067 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.68

The present results demonstrate that knife-cut transections of the frontal corticostriatal pathway are capable of reversing the increased striatal PPE mRNA levels, but not the decreased PPT mRNA levels, induced by a 6-OHDA lesion of the dopaminergic input.

Neg (not) Positive_regulation (increased) of PPT mRNA

8) Confidence 0.67 Published 1994 Journal Eur. J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 7981878 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.34

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the application of an atlantoaxial joint thrust manipulation resulted in an increase in active mouth opening and PPT over a trigeminal nerve distribution area (sphenoid bone) in women with mechanical neck pain.

Positive_regulation (increase) of PPT in neck

9) Confidence 0.60 Published 2009 Journal J Manipulative Physiol Ther Section Body Doc Link 19243721 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

CONCLUSION: The application of dry needling into active TrPs in the masseter muscle induced significant increases in PPT levels and maximal jaw opening when compared to the sham dry needling in patients with myofascial TMD.

Positive_regulation (increases) of PPT in muscle

10) Confidence 0.60 Published 2010 Journal J Orofac Pain Section Body Doc Link 20213036 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The ultrasound test group demonstrated statistically significant increases in PPT seg (decreased infraspinatus sensitivity) at 1, 3 and 5 min, when compared with PPT seg in the sham ultrasound group.

Positive_regulation (increases) of PPT in infraspinatus

11) Confidence 0.50 Published 2008 Journal Pain Section Abstract Doc Link 18508198 Disease Relevance 0.31 Pain Relevance 0.53

Lesions of the dopaminergic striatal afferents resulted in marked increases in the mRNA encoding PPE throughout the striatum, including the ventral striatum and nucleus accumbens, while the levels of PPT mRNA were considerably reduced in these structures.

Positive_regulation (levels) of PPT mRNA in striatum associated with nucleus accumbens

12) Confidence 0.49 Published 1994 Journal Eur. J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 7981878 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.28

The present results demonstrate that knife-cut transections of the frontal corticostriatal pathway are capable of reversing the increased striatal PPE mRNA levels, but not the decreased PPT mRNA levels, induced by a 6-OHDA lesion of the dopaminergic input.

Neg (not) Positive_regulation (induced) of PPT mRNA

13) Confidence 0.45 Published 1994 Journal Eur. J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 7981878 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.34

The predominantly excitatory effect of noxious, PPT and DRN stimulation on F-cells therefore suggests that glutamatergic or other excitatory afferents play a more dominant role in regulating basal forebrain neurons.

Positive_regulation (stimulation) of PPT in PPT

14) Confidence 0.43 Published 1997 Journal Eur. J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 9215698 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.21

Acetaminophen concentration-dependently increased PPT and abolished peristalsis in four of six segments at the concentration of 10 microM and in all segments tested at 100 microM (EC50=6.0 microM).

Positive_regulation (increased) of PPT associated with paracetamol

15) Confidence 0.42 Published 2005 Journal Anesth. Analg. Section Abstract Doc Link 15616065 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.10

We characterized electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) changes during respiratory disturbances induced by glutamatergic stimulation of the PPT in spontaneously breathing, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with a ketamine/xylazine combination or with nembutal.

Positive_regulation (stimulation) of PPT in PPT associated with ketamine

16) Confidence 0.41 Published 2005 Journal Sleep Breath Section Abstract Doc Link 15968572 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.16

RESULTS: PPT increased from the anterior to posterior alveolus in both maxilla and mandible, but decreased from the anterior palate to the posterior palate.

Positive_regulation (increased) of PPT in palate

17) Confidence 0.40 Published 2004 Journal J Dent Section Body Doc Link 15001287 Disease Relevance 0.09 Pain Relevance 0

In situ hybridization with oligonucleotide probes revealed changes in the rostral striatum of preprotachykinin (PPT) and preproenkephalin (PPE) mRNA levels: cortical ablation reduced PPT mRNA by 17% and PPE mRNA by 20% dorsally, while it increased PPE mRNA (but not PPT mRNA) by 23% ventrally.

Neg (not) Positive_regulation (increased) of PPT in striatum

18) Confidence 0.39 Published 1990 Journal Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 1698246 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.75

CONCLUSIONS: The application of a manipulation at the cervical spine produced an immediate bilateral increase in PPT in patients with LE.

Positive_regulation (increase) of PPT in spine

19) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal J Manipulative Physiol Ther Section Body Doc Link 19028251 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Post hoc revealed that the manipulative intervention produced a greater increase of PPT in both sides when compared with MCI (P < .001).

Positive_regulation (increase) of PPT

20) Confidence 0.37 Published 2008 Journal J Manipulative Physiol Ther Section Body Doc Link 19028251 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

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