INT157303

Context Info Confidence 0.53 First Reported 2007 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 15 Total Number 18 Disease Relevance 4.12 Pain Relevance 0.85

cytosol (Map1lc3a) cytoskeleton (Map1lc3a) cytoplasm (Map1lc3a)

Anatomy Link Frequency brain 11 liver 3 neurons 2 Map1lc3a (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat qutenza 9 96.48 Pyramidal cell 24 89.68 Hippocampus 28 79.32 Inflammation 4 58.88 depression 8 29.60 medulla 8 27.72 cerebral cortex 2 26.28 Clonidine 14 15.88 Antinociceptive 2 14.64 antinociception 2 8.60

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Stress 99 100.00 Bacillus Anthracis Infection 112 98.36 Repression 3 90.56 Death 89 82.56 Apoptosis 38 82.12 Motor Neuron Diseases 62 80.16 Parkinson's Disease 236 79.84 Dementia 53 73.88 Targeted Disruption 79 70.96 Spinal Muscular Atrophy 7 69.56

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

By immunoblot analysis, levels of LC3 in the membrane fraction were increased and Cathepsin D was reduced in the ?

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (levels) of LC3

1) Confidence 0.53 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2824828 Disease Relevance 0.05 Pain Relevance 0.12

In contrast to the results obtained in liver and brain [19], LC3 protein expression in CCDWT was very low, and cathepsin D deficiency was associated with increased expression of both light (LC3II, membrane-bound) and heavy (LC3I, cytosolic) forms of LC3.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3I in brain

2) Confidence 0.53 Published 2007 Journal BMC Immunol Section Body Doc Link PMC2048983 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Previous studies have demonstrated that the detection of increased LC3-II levels in the brain is very difficult, as neurons appear to clear autophagosomes very efficiently (29).

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (levels) of LC3-II in brain

3) Confidence 0.47 Published 2010 Journal Human Molecular Genetics Section Body Doc Link PMC2865373 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

This also allowed us to demonstrate that this increase in LC3-II levels results from an increase in synthesis rather than a decrease in degradation of autophagosomes, as increased levels were also seen in the presence of bafilomycin A1, an autophagy inhibitor that blocks autophagosome-lysosome fusion and therefore LC3-II degradation (27) (Fig. 1E and F).

Positive_regulation (increase) of Gene_expression (levels) of LC3-II

4) Confidence 0.47 Published 2010 Journal Human Molecular Genetics Section Body Doc Link PMC2865373 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Double-labeling studies showed that mTor and LC3 were abundant in neurons displaying ?

Positive_regulation (neurons) of Gene_expression (abundant) of LC3 in neurons

5) Confidence 0.38 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2824828 Disease Relevance 0.14 Pain Relevance 0.10

Compared to control mice, in the APP tg mice, levels of LC3 were elevated while levels of Cathepsin D were unchanged in the membrane fraction (Figure S2A, C).

Positive_regulation (elevated) of Gene_expression (levels) of LC3

6) Confidence 0.38 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2824828 Disease Relevance 0.11 Pain Relevance 0.11

In contrast to the results obtained in liver and brain [19], LC3 protein expression in CCDWT was very low, and cathepsin D deficiency was associated with increased expression of both light (LC3II, membrane-bound) and heavy (LC3I, cytosolic) forms of LC3.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3II in brain

7) Confidence 0.38 Published 2007 Journal BMC Immunol Section Body Doc Link PMC2048983 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast to the results obtained in liver and brain [19], LC3 protein expression in CCDWT was very low, and cathepsin D deficiency was associated with increased expression of both light (LC3II, membrane-bound) and heavy (LC3I, cytosolic) forms of LC3.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3 in brain

8) Confidence 0.38 Published 2007 Journal BMC Immunol Section Body Doc Link PMC2048983 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In addition, rapamycin increased the levels of LC3 and Cathepsin D immunoreactivity (Figure 8O, P).

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (levels) of LC3

9) Confidence 0.36 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2824828 Disease Relevance 0.32 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast to the results obtained in liver and brain [19], LC3 protein expression in CCDWT was very low, and cathepsin D deficiency was associated with increased expression of both light (LC3II, membrane-bound) and heavy (LC3I, cytosolic) forms of LC3.

Positive_regulation (increased) of in liver Gene_expression (expression) of LC3I in brain

10) Confidence 0.18 Published 2007 Journal BMC Immunol Section Body Doc Link PMC2048983 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast to the results obtained in liver and brain [19], LC3 protein expression in CCDWT was very low, and cathepsin D deficiency was associated with increased expression of both light (LC3II, membrane-bound) and heavy (LC3I, cytosolic) forms of LC3.

Positive_regulation (increased) of in liver Gene_expression (expression) of LC3II in brain

11) Confidence 0.13 Published 2007 Journal BMC Immunol Section Body Doc Link PMC2048983 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

In contrast to the results obtained in liver and brain [19], LC3 protein expression in CCDWT was very low, and cathepsin D deficiency was associated with increased expression of both light (LC3II, membrane-bound) and heavy (LC3I, cytosolic) forms of LC3.

Positive_regulation (increased) of in liver Gene_expression (expression) of LC3 in brain

12) Confidence 0.13 Published 2007 Journal BMC Immunol Section Body Doc Link PMC2048983 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Transfection of mutant CHMP2B into HEK-293 and COS-7 cells resulted in the formation of large cytoplasmic vacuoles, aberrant lysosomal localisation demonstrated by CD63 staining and impairment of autophagy indicated by increased levels of LC3-II protein.

Positive_regulation (increased) of Gene_expression (levels) of LC3

13) Confidence 0.12 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Abstract Doc Link PMC2844426 Disease Relevance 0.92 Pain Relevance 0

Assessment of ER stress and autophagy revealed a significant increase in Bip, Beclin-1 and LC3-II expression following lethal toxin exposure, suggesting possible involvements of ER stress and autophagy.

Positive_regulation (increase) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3-II associated with stress

14) Confidence 0.05 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2954163 Disease Relevance 0.59 Pain Relevance 0.03

The elevated expression of Beclin-1 and LC3-II following lethal toxin exposure was further substantiated by the overtly increased GFP-LC3 puncta staining in H9C2 cells following lethal toxin challenge.

Positive_regulation (elevated) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3-II

15) Confidence 0.04 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2954163 Disease Relevance 0.70 Pain Relevance 0.03

Our results revealed that lethal toxin produced subtle although significant upregulation in the expression of the ER stress maker BIP and the autophagy markers Beclin-1 and LC3-II without affecting the phospho-eIF2?

Positive_regulation (upregulation) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3-II associated with stress

16) Confidence 0.03 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2954163 Disease Relevance 0.57 Pain Relevance 0

H9c2 cells transfected with GFP-LC3 adenovirus were treated with or without anthrax lethal toxin.

Positive_regulation (transfected) of Gene_expression (transfected) of GFP-LC3 associated with bacillus anthracis infection

17) Confidence 0.03 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2954163 Disease Relevance 0.22 Pain Relevance 0

The JNK inhibitor SP600125 down-regulated the expression of IRE1, Chop, and LC3II induced by DHC, thapsigargin, and MG132 [N-benzoyloxycarbonyl (Z)-Leu-Leu-leucinal].

Positive_regulation (induced) of Gene_expression (expression) of LC3II

18) Confidence 0.00 Published 2009 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 19139269 Disease Relevance 0.45 Pain Relevance 0.46

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