INT185188

Context Info Confidence 0.77 First Reported 2005 Last Reported 2005 Negated 4 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 1 Total Number 17 Disease Relevance 23.21 Pain Relevance 2.95

Anatomy Link Frequency urine 5 muscle cells 1 Pif (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat addiction 17 99.84 Chronic pancreatitis 238 99.20 Inflammation 34 72.72 imagery 34 61.96

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Pancreatic Cancer 510 100.00 Cancer 238 99.98 Appetite Loss 68 99.84 Malignant Neoplastic Disease 255 99.68 Gastrointestinal Neoplasms 34 99.32 Weight Loss 68 99.30 Pancreatitis 255 99.20 Body Weight 34 97.28 Disease 34 96.44 INFLAMMATION 34 72.72

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Although the majority of investigations found PIF expression only in tumour tissue, the expression of PIF in non-malignant tissue has been also reported [7].

Gene_expression (expression) of PIF associated with malignant neoplastic disease and cancer

1) Confidence 0.77 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.10 Pain Relevance 0.20

PIF is expressed in a variety of gastrointestinal cancers [7].

Gene_expression (expressed) of PIF associated with gastrointestinal neoplasms

2) Confidence 0.77 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.90 Pain Relevance 0.11

PIF was detected in two patients with CA19-9 negative pancreatic cancer, but was not detectable in 16 pancreatic cancer patients (15 of them with elevated CA19-9).

Neg (not) Gene_expression (detectable) of PIF associated with pancreatic cancer

3) Confidence 0.77 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.23 Pain Relevance 0.21

Although the majority of investigations found PIF expression only in tumour tissue, the expression of PIF in non-malignant tissue has been also reported [7].

Gene_expression (expression) of PIF associated with malignant neoplastic disease and cancer

4) Confidence 0.77 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.10 Pain Relevance 0.19

PIF was detected in two patients with CA19-9 negative pancreatic cancer, but was not detectable in 16 pancreatic cancer patients (15 of them with elevated CA19-9).

Gene_expression (detected) of PIF associated with pancreatic cancer

5) Confidence 0.77 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.20 Pain Relevance 0.21

Interestingly, PIF expression was not dependent on cancer stage, but seemed to be a qualitative marker of pancreatic cancer: even stage 2 tumours expressed PIF in 83 per cent [8].

Gene_expression (expression) of PIF associated with cancer and pancreatic cancer

6) Confidence 0.77 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.75 Pain Relevance 0.07

Interestingly, PIF expression was not dependent on cancer stage, but seemed to be a qualitative marker of pancreatic cancer: even stage 2 tumours expressed PIF in 83 per cent [8].

Gene_expression (expressed) of PIF associated with cancer and pancreatic cancer

7) Confidence 0.67 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.65 Pain Relevance 0.08

We therefore hypothesized that PIF production in patients with a pancreatic tumour would clearly indicate the malignant nature of the disease.

Gene_expression (production) of PIF associated with malignant neoplastic disease, pancreatic cancer and disease

8) Confidence 0.60 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.55 Pain Relevance 0.09

Further investigations should clarify whether the onset of PIF expression in the long-term follow-up of chronic pancreatitis patients is associated with early malignancy and whether it precedes morphologic and clinical signs of pancreatic cancer.

Gene_expression (expression) of PIF associated with malignant neoplastic disease, pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis

9) Confidence 0.60 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.13 Pain Relevance 0.17

PIF is a 24-kDa sulphated glycoprotein synthesized by cachexia-inducing murine and human tumours, which induces catabolism of myofibrillar proteins in skeletal muscle via a direct stimulation of the proteasome pathway in muscle cells [5].

Gene_expression (synthesized) of PIF in muscle cells associated with appetite loss and cancer

10) Confidence 0.60 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.95 Pain Relevance 0.35

Urine of patients with a pancreatic mass of uncertain malignancy was investigated for PIF expression by Western blot.

Spec (investigated) Gene_expression (expression) of PIF in Urine associated with malignant neoplastic disease

11) Confidence 0.60 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Abstract Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.24 Pain Relevance 0.24

It was detected in the urine of 44 from 55 pancreatic cancer patients, who had a significantly greater total weight loss and rate of weight loss than patients whose urine did not contain PIF.

Neg (not) Gene_expression (contain) of PIF in urine associated with weight loss and pancreatic cancer

12) Confidence 0.58 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.79 Pain Relevance 0.06

The analysis of CA19-9 in dependence on the presence of PIF in urine in PIF negative patients revealed 22.5 U/l (SD: 742) and 580.5 U/l in PIF positive patients (SD: 25203) (p < 0.05).

Neg (negative) Gene_expression (negative) of PIF in urine associated with addiction

13) Confidence 0.58 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.16 Pain Relevance 0.22

The analysis of CA19-9 in dependence on the presence of PIF in urine in PIF negative patients revealed 22.5 U/l (SD: 742) and 580.5 U/l in PIF positive patients (SD: 25203) (p < 0.05).

Gene_expression (presence) of PIF in urine associated with addiction

14) Confidence 0.58 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.16 Pain Relevance 0.22

The analysis of CA19-9 in dependence on the presence of PIF in urine in PIF negative patients revealed 22.5 U/l (SD: 742) and 580.5 U/l in PIF positive patients (SD: 25203) (p < 0.05).

Gene_expression (positive) of PIF in urine associated with addiction

15) Confidence 0.58 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.18 Pain Relevance 0.21

A previous study in pancreatic cancer patients suggested PIF expression as a tumour marker, which is not related to tumour size.

Gene_expression (expression) of PIF associated with cancer and pancreatic cancer

16) Confidence 0.52 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Abstract Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.08 Pain Relevance 0.15

PIF was detected in 6 patients with chronic pancreatitis without evidence for a malignancy by 12 months follow up or histology.

Neg (without) Gene_expression (detected) of PIF associated with malignant neoplastic disease and chronic pancreatitis

17) Confidence 0.52 Published 2005 Journal BMC Gastroenterol Section Body Doc Link PMC1184069 Disease Relevance 1.03 Pain Relevance 0.18

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