INT311478

Context Info Confidence 0.60 First Reported 2010 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 4 Total Number 5 Disease Relevance 2.38 Pain Relevance 2.34

nucleolus (Mllt1) nucleus (Mllt1) cytoplasm (Mllt1)

Mllt1 (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Lamotrigine 409 100.00 carbamazepine 40 98.28 antiepileptic Drug 74 90.68 Gabapentin 9 47.44 headache 13 36.68 anticonvulsant 15 5.00 Glutamate 5 5.00 Bioavailability 4 5.00 sodium channel 3 5.00 cocaine 3 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Convulsion 197 99.96 Partial Seizures 32 99.04 Syndrome 33 80.28 Epilepsy 48 52.24 Generalized Epilepsy 53 41.28 Rhinitis 5 38.68 Ataxia 11 37.00 Headache 13 36.68 Diplopia 11 36.08 Vomiting 25 35.52

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

For instance, carbamazepine (CBZ) and phenytoin (PHT) are strong inducers of UGT1A4 and their combined treatment with LTG results in a substantial increase in its systemic clearance.12,13 Also, enzyme inducers (ie, CBZ, PHT) are responsible for the significant reduction in the LTG’s elimination half-life from approximately 24 to 13 h.12,13 In contrast, valproate (VPA) as an inhibitor of glucuronidation has been documented to significantly reduce the clearance of LTG with a concomitant increase in its elimination half-life from approximately 37 to 48 h.14 Moreover, LTG serum concentrations were significantly increased from 4.67 ± 3.66 (LTG monotherapy) to 9.56 ± 5.27 ?

Positive_regulation (increased) of LTG associated with lamotrigine and carbamazepine

1) Confidence 0.60 Published 2010 Journal Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Section Body Doc Link PMC2874338 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.71

For instance, carbamazepine (CBZ) and phenytoin (PHT) are strong inducers of UGT1A4 and their combined treatment with LTG results in a substantial increase in its systemic clearance.12,13 Also, enzyme inducers (ie, CBZ, PHT) are responsible for the significant reduction in the LTG’s elimination half-life from approximately 24 to 13 h.12,13 In contrast, valproate (VPA) as an inhibitor of glucuronidation has been documented to significantly reduce the clearance of LTG with a concomitant increase in its elimination half-life from approximately 37 to 48 h.14 Moreover, LTG serum concentrations were significantly increased from 4.67 ± 3.66 (LTG monotherapy) to 9.56 ± 5.27 ?

Positive_regulation (results) of LTG associated with lamotrigine and carbamazepine

2) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Section Body Doc Link PMC2874338 Disease Relevance 0.37 Pain Relevance 0.72

Although both LTG-IR and LTG-XR are approved for use as adjunctive treatment of partial seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, LTG-IR has been approved for a wider age range, starting with patients at the age of two years, whereas LTG-XR is only approved for those over 13 years of age.

Positive_regulation (approved) of LTG-XR associated with convulsion and partial seizures

3) Confidence 0.41 Published 2010 Journal Drug Design, Development and Therapy Section Body Doc Link PMC2998806 Disease Relevance 0.95 Pain Relevance 0.12

For instance, carbamazepine (CBZ) and phenytoin (PHT) are strong inducers of UGT1A4 and their combined treatment with LTG results in a substantial increase in its systemic clearance.12,13 Also, enzyme inducers (ie, CBZ, PHT) are responsible for the significant reduction in the LTG’s elimination half-life from approximately 24 to 13 h.12,13 In contrast, valproate (VPA) as an inhibitor of glucuronidation has been documented to significantly reduce the clearance of LTG with a concomitant increase in its elimination half-life from approximately 37 to 48 h.14 Moreover, LTG serum concentrations were significantly increased from 4.67 ± 3.66 (LTG monotherapy) to 9.56 ± 5.27 ?

Positive_regulation (increase) of LTG associated with lamotrigine and carbamazepine

4) Confidence 0.40 Published 2010 Journal Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment Section Body Doc Link PMC2874338 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 0.70

Although both LTG-IR and LTG-XR are approved for use as adjunctive treatment of partial seizures and primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, LTG-IR has been approved for a wider age range, starting with patients at the age of two years, whereas LTG-XR is only approved for those over 13 years of age.

Positive_regulation (approved) of LTG-IR associated with convulsion and partial seizures

5) Confidence 0.36 Published 2010 Journal Drug Design, Development and Therapy Section Body Doc Link PMC2998806 Disease Relevance 0.91 Pain Relevance 0.11

General Comments

This test has worked.