INT50143

Context Info Confidence 0.48 First Reported 1995 Last Reported 2008 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 10 Total Number 10 Disease Relevance 5.82 Pain Relevance 3.54

isomerase activity (Ptgds) transport (Ptgds) Golgi apparatus (Ptgds) endoplasmic reticulum (Ptgds) lipid metabolic process (Ptgds) cytoplasm (Ptgds)

Anatomy Link Frequency macrophages 4 mast cells 4 PGE2 2 Ptgds (Mus musculus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Inflammation 406 100.00 dexamethasone 7 99.98 COX-2 inhibitor 24 99.90 aspirin 6 99.52 cINOD 28 97.52 corticosteroid 10 95.12 cytokine 39 90.48 Arthritis 25 87.96 Inflammatory response 16 71.68 Inflammatory mediators 13 71.40

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat INFLAMMATION 449 100.00 Reprotox - General 1 2 98.00 Arthropathy 25 92.64 Hypersensitivity 10 90.40 Crystal Associated Disease 150 87.96 Apoptosis 62 87.36 Endometriosis (extended) 1 85.52 Targeted Disruption 6 81.84 Hepatotoxicity 1 64.96 Ocular & Orbital Inflammation 1 62.04

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Dexamethasone inhibited PGD2 synthesis in zymosan-stimulated murine macrophages [37].

Negative_regulation (inhibited) of Gene_expression (synthesis) of PGD2 in macrophages associated with dexamethasone

1) Confidence 0.48 Published 2007 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2206389 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0.67

raises PGE2, but decreases PGD2, synthesis by zymosan-stimulated murine macrophages [37].

Negative_regulation (decreases) of Gene_expression (synthesis) of PGD2 in macrophages

2) Confidence 0.40 Published 2007 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2206389 Disease Relevance 0.80 Pain Relevance 0.29

In an endotoxin-based mouse model of inflammation, administration of aspirin or indomethacin nearly abolished both PGE2 and PGD2 synthesis, whereas PGD2 levels rose during the natural resolution of inflammation in untreated animals [33].

Negative_regulation (rose) of Gene_expression (levels) of PGD2 associated with aspirin and inflammation

3) Confidence 0.40 Published 2007 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2206389 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0.66

In an endotoxin-based mouse model of inflammation, administration of aspirin or indomethacin nearly abolished both PGE2 and PGD2 synthesis, whereas PGD2 levels rose during the natural resolution of inflammation in untreated animals [33].

Negative_regulation (abolished) of Gene_expression (synthesis) of PGD2 associated with aspirin and inflammation

4) Confidence 0.40 Published 2007 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2206389 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0.66

In contrast, the later phase of PGD2 production is blocked by dexamethasone, cycloheximide, or NS-398, a PGS-2-specific nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that inhibits PGS-2 enzyme activity but not PGS-1 activity.

Negative_regulation (blocked) of Gene_expression (production) of PGD2 associated with inflammation, cinod and dexamethasone

5) Confidence 0.36 Published 1995 Journal J. Immunol. Section Abstract Doc Link 7608559 Disease Relevance 0.10 Pain Relevance 0.24

Here, we show that the root extracts strongly inhibit inflammation in this model by decreasing neutrophil immigration into the pouch membrane, reducing expression of pro-inflammatory factors, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and raising the level of the potentially anti-inflammatory prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), thereby normalizing the PGD2:PGE2 ratio.

Negative_regulation (reducing) of Gene_expression (expression) of prostaglandin D2 in PGE2 associated with inflammation

6) Confidence 0.35 Published 2007 Journal Arthritis Res Ther Section Body Doc Link PMC2206389 Disease Relevance 1.47 Pain Relevance 0.59

Ochnaflavone is a medicinal herbal product isolated from Lonicera japonica that inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dependent phases of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) generation in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) in a concentration-dependent manner with IC50 values of 0.6 microM.

Negative_regulation (inhibits) of Gene_expression (generation) of prostaglandin D2 in mast cells

7) Confidence 0.35 Published 2006 Journal Arch. Pharm. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 16681032 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Methyl gallate (MG) is a medicinal herbal product that is isolated from Paeonia lactiflora that inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dependent phases of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) generation in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC50 values of 17.0 microM.

Negative_regulation (inhibits) of Gene_expression (generation) of prostaglandin D2 in mast cells

8) Confidence 0.22 Published 2006 Journal Arch. Pharm. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 17121182 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Furthermore, Gilroy and colleagues demonstrated that selective COX-2 inhibitors, by blocking the production of PGE2 and PGD2, disturbed the resolution phase of inflammation, leading to delay in return to homeostasis [50].

Negative_regulation (blocking) of Gene_expression (production) of PGD2 associated with inflammation and cox-2 inhibitor

9) Confidence 0.19 Published 2008 Journal J Neuroinflammation Section Body Doc Link PMC2409311 Disease Relevance 0.59 Pain Relevance 0.44

NS-398 inhibited the production of prostaglandins, including PGD2, PGE2 and PGF2?

Negative_regulation (inhibited) of Gene_expression (production) of PGD2

10) Confidence 0.07 Published 2007 Journal Breast Cancer Res Section Body Doc Link PMC2206712 Disease Relevance 0.74 Pain Relevance 0

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