INT5198

Context Info Confidence 0.59 First Reported 1992 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Abstract Documents 21 Total Number 22 Disease Relevance 4.78 Pain Relevance 18.07

cytoplasm (Vta1)

Anatomy Link Frequency DA neurons 3 dopamine neurons 3 neurons 2 NAc 1 neuronal 1 Vta1 (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat Dopamine 526 100.00 Ventral tegmentum 452 100.00 depression 224 100.00 gABA 37 100.00 Enkephalin 8 100.00 Clonidine 35 99.70 withdrawal 37 99.62 agonist 43 99.38 Cannabinoid 108 99.28 Nicotine 103 99.20

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Depression 250 100.00 Stress 27 99.60 Nociception 1 93.12 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder 8 91.44 Li-fraumeni Syndrome 32 90.96 Drug Dependence 13 90.44 Death 5 89.68 Fetal Alcohol Syndrome 2 85.28 Herpes Simplex Virus 1 83.40 Opiate Addiction 7 82.04

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

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Pain term

Disease term

We confirmed inhibition of VTA DA activity in MD rats in response to precipitated withdrawal; however, this inhibition resulted only in a normalization of the firing rate to that of naive animals.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of VTA DA associated with ventral tegmentum and withdrawal

1) Confidence 0.59 Published 2006 Journal J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 16723528 Disease Relevance 0.15 Pain Relevance 1.41

Pretreatment with RX821002 plus clonidine prevented the inhibition of VTA DA activity during withdrawal but failed to produce excitation.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of VTA DA associated with withdrawal and clonidine

2) Confidence 0.55 Published 2003 Journal Neuropsychopharmacology Section Abstract Doc Link 12700697 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.51

Intriguingly, the LS extracellular levels of DA returned to basal values before the VTA GABA extracellular levels recovered.

Negative_regulation (recovered) of VTA associated with ventral tegmentum, gaba and dopamine

3) Confidence 0.38 Published 2005 Journal J. Neurosci. Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 15920742 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 1.69

Effect of inhibiting enkephalin catabolism in the VTA on motor activity and extracellular dopamine.

Negative_regulation (inhibiting) of VTA associated with dopamine and enkephalin

4) Confidence 0.38 Published 1992 Journal Brain Res. Section Title Doc Link 1291031 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.06

Prenatal ethanol exposure has been shown to produce a persistent reduction in the spontaneous activity of ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons and in DA neurotransmission.

Negative_regulation (reduction) of VTA in neurons associated with ventral tegmentum and dopamine

5) Confidence 0.36 Published 2001 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 11303066 Disease Relevance 0.43 Pain Relevance 0.51

In contrast, pretreatment with a more selective alpha2R agonist, UK14304, did not prevent the inhibition of VTA DA neuron activity during withdrawal.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of VTA DA in DA neuron associated with agonist and withdrawal

6) Confidence 0.35 Published 2003 Journal Neuropsychopharmacology Section Abstract Doc Link 12700697 Disease Relevance 0.13 Pain Relevance 1.56

As expected, withdrawal produced a marked inhibition of VTA DA neuronal activity.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of VTA DA in neuronal associated with withdrawal

7) Confidence 0.35 Published 2003 Journal Neuropsychopharmacology Section Abstract Doc Link 12700697 Disease Relevance 0.16 Pain Relevance 1.30

The locomotor effects of nicotine were similarly changed after lesions of the LDTg (Alderson et al. 2005) and, given that the LDTg projects to VTA but not SNC (Oakman et al. 1995), it is likely that in the present experiments it is loss of VTA innervation by pPPTg that is critical.

Negative_regulation (loss) of VTA associated with ventral tegmentum and nicotine

8) Confidence 0.30 Published 2008 Journal Brain Struct Funct Section Body Doc Link PMC2522332 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.64

Reversible inactivation of VTA was done through the unilateral and bilateral intra-VTA microinjection of 2% lidocaine during the acquisition and expression of morphine (5 mg/kg; s.c.)

Negative_regulation (inactivation) of VTA associated with ventral tegmentum, lidocaine and morphine

9) Confidence 0.26 Published 2009 Journal Behav. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 19073220 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 1.08

In the present study, the effects of reversible inactivation of VTA on acquisition and expression of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) were investigated in rats.

Negative_regulation (inactivation) of VTA associated with ventral tegmentum and morphine

10) Confidence 0.26 Published 2009 Journal Behav. Brain Res. Section Abstract Doc Link 19073220 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.84

This finding represents the first demonstration that chronic exposure to nicotine might result in reduced GABAB-mediated inhibition of VTA dopaminergic neurones.

Negative_regulation (inhibition) of VTA associated with ventral tegmentum and nicotine

11) Confidence 0.24 Published 2004 Journal BMC Pharmacol Section Body Doc Link PMC526276 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.87

Bilateral lesions of the TM, which decreased the histamine levels in the VTA and NAc, potentiated the development of CPP induced by morphine (1 mg/kg, a dose that produced no appreciable effect when given alone) and increased the DOPAC/DA ratios in the VTA and NAc, but did not change the glutamate or GABA levels in these nuclei.

Negative_regulation (decreased) of VTA in NAc

12) Confidence 0.17 Published 2007 Journal Acta Pharmacol. Sin. Section Body Doc Link 17184577 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Because GluR2 is located in VTA dopamine neurons as shown above, these data further support our hypothesis that HU210 induces in vivo transient synaptic depression in VTA dopamine neurons.

Negative_regulation (located) of VTA in dopamine neurons associated with ventral tegmentum, dopamine and depression

13) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004941 Disease Relevance 0.74 Pain Relevance 0.88

Our data together indicate that cannabinoid injection induces in vivo synaptic depression in VTA dopamine neurons that lasts for less than 24 h.

Negative_regulation (depression) of VTA in dopamine neurons associated with ventral tegmentum, dopamine, depression and cannabinoid

14) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC3004941 Disease Relevance 0.81 Pain Relevance 0.73

Nevertheless, unlike bupropion, the selective DA reuptake inhibitor GBR12909, also known to increase extracellular levels of DA in the cortex [127], decreases both the firing and burst activity of DA neurons in the VTA following a 2-day administration [52].

Negative_regulation (decreases) of VTA in DA neurons associated with ventral tegmentum and dopamine

15) Confidence 0.13 Published 2010 Journal CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics Section Body Doc Link PMC2904493 Disease Relevance 0.07 Pain Relevance 0.75

Thus, decreased NF levels in the VTA in response to chronic morphine and chronic cocaine could lead to drug-induced alterations in the structural and functional properties of this brain region, which may represent, in turn, part of a common biochemical basis of morphine and cocaine addiction and craving.

Negative_regulation (decreased) of VTA in brain associated with addiction, ventral tegmentum, cocaine and morphine

16) Confidence 0.10 Published 1992 Journal J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 1376774 Disease Relevance 0.18 Pain Relevance 1.01

In contrast, blocking ERK2 activity in the VTA produces stress-resistant behavioral responses in these same assays and also blocks a chronic stress-induced reduction in sucrose preference.

Negative_regulation (blocking) of VTA associated with stress and ventral tegmentum

17) Confidence 0.10 Published 2010 Journal J. Neurosci. Section Abstract Doc Link 20519540 Disease Relevance 0.84 Pain Relevance 0.37

Similar to NE neurons, the firing rate of DA neurons in the VTA was significantly decreased with the short-term nomifensine regimen (Figure 4).

Negative_regulation (decreased) of VTA in DA neurons associated with ventral tegmentum and dopamine

18) Confidence 0.09 Published 2010 Journal CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics Section Body Doc Link PMC2904493 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0.36

The number of TH-positive neurons was decreased in the ipsilateral VTA and SNc as compared to the contralateral side.

Negative_regulation (decreased) of VTA in neurons associated with ventral tegmentum

19) Confidence 0.09 Published 2009 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC2774159 Disease Relevance 0.25 Pain Relevance 0.23

Although the loss of non-dopaminergic neurons in the VTA (which may play an opposing role in sleep regulation) cannot be overruled in these studies, we recently found that selective lesions of VTA dopaminergic neurons using 6-OHDA also did not produce an increase in sleep in rats (R.

Negative_regulation (loss) of VTA in dopaminergic neurons

20) Confidence 0.05 Published 2010 Journal Frontiers in Neuroanatomy Section Body Doc Link PMC2996256 Disease Relevance 0.12 Pain Relevance 0.11

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