INT84598

Context Info Confidence 0.45 First Reported 1999 Last Reported 2010 Negated 2 Speculated 1 Reported most in Body Documents 13 Total Number 15 Disease Relevance 4.28 Pain Relevance 0.86

aging (Aqp2) plasma membrane (Aqp2) protein complex (Aqp2) transmembrane transport (Aqp2) lysosome (Aqp2) cytoplasm (Aqp2)

Anatomy Link Frequency urine 3 plasma 2 duct 2 kidney 2 Aqp2 (Rattus norvegicus)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat anesthesia 11 99.42 agonist 6 93.32 Clonidine 12 92.64 ischemia 22 50.00 antagonist 24 49.16 cINOD 6 39.40 withdrawal 18 26.64 Calcium channel 6 14.96 Inflammation 22 5.00 alcohol 12 5.00

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Adrenal Insufficiency 12 99.82 Hyperthyroidism 6 97.80 Diabetes Insipidus 18 97.60 Acute Renal Failure 17 97.20 Renal Insufficiency 18 96.94 Polyuria 8 95.64 Chronic Renal Failure 78 95.08 Sepsis 6 94.96 Volume Depletion And Dehydration 6 94.76 Injury 54 93.04

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Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

Aquaporin-2 (AQP-2), the major water channel responsible for water balance, has been shown to be regulated by the binding of vasopressin to V(2) vasopressin receptors in the medullary collecting duct. alpha(2)-Adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine have been associated with an increase in free water clearance that was secondary to an inhibition of the ability of vasopressin to increase cAMP levels in the collecting ducts.

Regulation (responsible) of Aquaporin-2 in duct associated with agonist and clonidine

1) Confidence 0.45 Published 1999 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 10525117 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.33

Aquaporin-2 (AQP-2), the major water channel responsible for water balance, has been shown to be regulated by the binding of vasopressin to V(2) vasopressin receptors in the medullary collecting duct. alpha(2)-Adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine have been associated with an increase in free water clearance that was secondary to an inhibition of the ability of vasopressin to increase cAMP levels in the collecting ducts.

Regulation (responsible) of AQP-2 in duct associated with agonist and clonidine

2) Confidence 0.45 Published 1999 Journal J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. Section Abstract Doc Link 10525117 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.33

As shown in Figure 3, taurine-deficient kidneys showed significantly higher levels of non-glycosylated (25 kD) and glycosylated (30-37 kD) forms of AQP 2 than the control and taurine treated groups, which both showed similar AQP 2 levels.

Regulation (control) of AQP 2

3) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal J Biomed Sci Section Body Doc Link PMC2994366 Disease Relevance 0.23 Pain Relevance 0

Since renal AQP 2 is fundamental to the regulation of urine osmolality [24], we determined protein abundance of the whole kidney procured from control, taurine-deficient and taurine-treated groups that had not been subjected to the IR insult.

Regulation (regulation) of AQP 2 in kidney

4) Confidence 0.43 Published 2010 Journal J Biomed Sci Section Body Doc Link PMC2994366 Disease Relevance 0.23 Pain Relevance 0

The concentration of AQP2 was not significantly changed during the urine concentrating test in Groups 3 and 4, but increased significantly in the other two groups.

Neg (not) Regulation (changed) of AQP2 in urine

5) Confidence 0.32 Published 2010 Journal BMC Nephrol Section Body Doc Link PMC2965705 Disease Relevance 0.06 Pain Relevance 0

This phenomenon appeared to be related to decreased responsiveness of the kidney to vasopressin caused by a down regulation of the renal vasopressin 2 receptor and AQP2 abundance [27].

Regulation (regulation) of AQP2 in kidney

6) Confidence 0.32 Published 2010 Journal BMC Nephrol Section Body Doc Link PMC2965705 Disease Relevance 0.33 Pain Relevance 0

In addition, our results are in good accordance with animal experiments, which have demonstrated a vasopressin resistant down regulation in expression of AQP2, when urinary concentrating ability was impaired, i. e. in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, post-obstructive polyuria, and renal failure [1-3,9].

Regulation (regulation) of AQP2 associated with polyuria, chronic renal failure and diabetes insipidus

7) Confidence 0.32 Published 2010 Journal BMC Nephrol Section Body Doc Link PMC2965705 Disease Relevance 0.46 Pain Relevance 0

Rapid and segmental specific dysregulation of AQP2, S256-pAQP2 and renal sodium transporters in rats with LPS-induced endotoxaemia.

Regulation (dysregulation) of AQP2 associated with anesthesia

8) Confidence 0.26 Published 2009 Journal Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. Section Title Doc Link 19193739 Disease Relevance 0.57 Pain Relevance 0.10

We aimed to investigate renal water and sodium excretion and in parallel the segmental regulation of renal AQP2 and major sodium transporters in rats with acute LPS-induced endotoxaemia.

Regulation (regulation) of AQP2

9) Confidence 0.26 Published 2009 Journal Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. Section Abstract Doc Link 19193739 Disease Relevance 0.52 Pain Relevance 0

Rapid and segmental specific dysregulation of AQP2, S256-pAQP2 and renal sodium transporters in rats with LPS-induced endotoxaemia.

Regulation (dysregulation) of AQP2 associated with anesthesia

10) Confidence 0.26 Published 2009 Journal Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. Section Title Doc Link 19193739 Disease Relevance 0.56 Pain Relevance 0.10

In Group 3 and 4, u-AQP2 was no significantly changed during water deprivation.

Neg (no) Regulation (changed) of AQP2

11) Confidence 0.20 Published 2010 Journal BMC Nephrol Section Body Doc Link PMC2965705 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

The ability to dilute urine was deteriorated in renal insufficiency, presumably due to both a lack of suppression in AVP during water loading and a defect in the regulatory function of AVP on c-AMP with a secondarily up regulation of AQP2 water channels.

Regulation (regulation) of AQP2 in urine associated with renal insufficiency

12) Confidence 0.17 Published 2010 Journal BMC Nephrol Section Body Doc Link PMC2965705 Disease Relevance 0.38 Pain Relevance 0

In addition, urine diluting capacity is reduced in hypothyreoidism and adrenal insufficiency with up regulation of AQP2 [4-6], and urine concentration capacity is reduced in thyrotoxicosis and glucocorticoid excess with down regulation of AQP2 [7,8].

Regulation (regulation) of AQP2 in urine associated with hyperthyroidism and adrenal insufficiency

13) Confidence 0.17 Published 2010 Journal BMC Nephrol Section Body Doc Link PMC2965705 Disease Relevance 0.93 Pain Relevance 0

METHODS: Time course changes in plasma osmolality, AM, arginine vasopressin (AVP), and urinary aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in 17 patients undergoing abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were examined.

Spec (examined) Regulation (changes) of AQP2 in plasma

14) Confidence 0.15 Published 2003 Journal Horm. Res. Section Body Doc Link 12566732 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Multivariate stepwise analysis identified plasma AM as the critical independent factor affecting urinary AQP2/Cr level.

Regulation (affecting) of AQP2 in plasma

15) Confidence 0.09 Published 2003 Journal Horm. Res. Section Body Doc Link 12566732 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

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