INT87698

Context Info Confidence 0.58 First Reported 2000 Last Reported 2010 Negated 0 Speculated 0 Reported most in Body Documents 25 Total Number 25 Disease Relevance 8.75 Pain Relevance 11.83

cytosol (WAS) protein complex assembly (WAS) cytoplasm (WAS)

Anatomy Link Frequency blood 6 brain 1 posterior 1 WAS (Homo sapiens)

Pain Link Frequency Relevance Heat cocaine 315 100.00 agonist 162 100.00 Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol 58 100.00 analgesia 40 100.00 Morphine 27 100.00 Codeine 10 100.00 cannabis 358 99.82 Glutamate 11 99.44 opiate 73 98.96 Cannabinoid 381 98.76

Disease Link Frequency Relevance Heat Nicotine Addiction 32 99.98 Apoptosis 9 99.96 Malignant Neoplastic Disease 5 99.44 Cancer 136 99.42 Intractable Pain 5 98.20 Vomiting 34 97.88 Stroke 13 97.88 Death 26 97.64 Pain 314 96.84 Myocardial Infarction 10 96.68

Sentences Mentioned In

Key:

Protein

Mutation

Event

Anatomy

Negation

Speculation

Pain term

Disease term

In the less than 27 years old, THC (>1 ng/ml) was detected alone in the blood of 15.3% drivers and of 6.7% controls, giving OR=2.5, whereas there was no link between THC blood concentrations and OR value.

Gene_expression (detected) of THC in blood

1) Confidence 0.58 Published 2003 Journal Forensic Sci. Int. Section Abstract Doc Link 12742692 Disease Relevance 0.12 Pain Relevance 0.43

Analysis of the results of screening for opiates, cocaine and THC from data provided by CSC for the same time period, shows steady rates of opiate and cocaine detection at maximum and medium levels of security, decreases in opiate and cocaine detection in minimum security, and statistically significant increases in THC detection at all levels of security.

Gene_expression (detection) of THC associated with opiate and cocaine

2) Confidence 0.56 Published 2000 Journal Can J Public Health Section Abstract Doc Link 10765575 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.43

Oil in water Delta(9)-THC microemulsions were individuated through phase diagrams construction, using the non-ionic surfactant Solutol HS15, being this surfactant acceptable for parenteral administration in human.

Gene_expression (microemulsions) of THC associated with parenteral administration

3) Confidence 0.52 Published 2010 Journal Int J Pharm Section Abstract Doc Link 20399844 Disease Relevance 0.24 Pain Relevance 0.32

Under the clinical point of view, Delta(9)-THC produces some therapeutic benefits which are beyond reasonable doubt.

Gene_expression (produces) of THC

4) Confidence 0.52 Published 2004 Journal Toxicon Section Abstract Doc Link 15302527 Disease Relevance 0.53 Pain Relevance 0.26

Further investigations are needed on the accuracy of the detection of THC among patients known to have used dronabinol.

Gene_expression (detection) of THC

5) Confidence 0.39 Published 2008 Journal J Opioid Manag Section Body Doc Link 18444444 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

Levels of THC were quantified using radioimmunoassay.

Gene_expression (Levels) of THC

6) Confidence 0.34 Published 2008 Journal J Opioid Manag Section Body Doc Link 18444444 Disease Relevance 0.08 Pain Relevance 0

This identified 160 transcripts shared between the COC+, THC+ and PCP+ groups (Fig. 2B).

Gene_expression (groups) of THC

7) Confidence 0.21 Published 2006 Journal PLoS ONE Section Body Doc Link PMC1762434 Disease Relevance 0.31 Pain Relevance 0.45

As more thoroughly reviewed elsewhere (Russo 2006b), cannabis smoking produces peak levels of serum THC above 140 ng/mL (Grotenhermen 2003; Huestis et al 1992), while comparable amounts of THC in Sativex administered oromucosally remained below 2 ng/mL (Guy and Robson 2003).

Gene_expression (produces) of THC associated with cannabis, nicotine addiction and agonist

8) Confidence 0.18 Published 2008 Journal Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management Section Body Doc Link PMC2503660 Disease Relevance 0.92 Pain Relevance 0.74

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method is described for the screening and detection of morphine, codeine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) in small blood samples and bloodstains using solid phase SPE columns and a pipetting robot (Gilson Aspec XL).

Gene_expression (detection) of 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC in blood associated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, codeine and morphine

9) Confidence 0.16 Published 2002 Journal Forensic Sci. Int. Section Abstract Doc Link 12062939 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.67

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method is described for the screening and detection of morphine, codeine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) in small blood samples and bloodstains using solid phase SPE columns and a pipetting robot (Gilson Aspec XL).

Gene_expression (detection) of THC in blood associated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, codeine and morphine

10) Confidence 0.16 Published 2002 Journal Forensic Sci. Int. Section Abstract Doc Link 12062939 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.67

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method is described for the screening and detection of morphine, codeine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) in small blood samples and bloodstains using solid phase SPE columns and a pipetting robot (Gilson Aspec XL).

Gene_expression (detection) of THC in blood associated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, codeine and morphine

11) Confidence 0.16 Published 2002 Journal Forensic Sci. Int. Section Abstract Doc Link 12062939 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.68

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method is described for the screening and detection of morphine, codeine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) in small blood samples and bloodstains using solid phase SPE columns and a pipetting robot (Gilson Aspec XL).

Gene_expression (detection) of THC in blood associated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, codeine and morphine

12) Confidence 0.16 Published 2002 Journal Forensic Sci. Int. Section Abstract Doc Link 12062939 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.66

A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method is described for the screening and detection of morphine, codeine, cocaine, benzoylecgonine, methylecgonine, cocaethylene, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THC-COOH), 11-hydroxy-THC (11-OH-THC), amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and N-methyl-1-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-2-butanamine (MBDB) in small blood samples and bloodstains using solid phase SPE columns and a pipetting robot (Gilson Aspec XL).

Gene_expression (detection) of 11-hydroxy-THC in blood associated with delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, codeine and morphine

13) Confidence 0.16 Published 2002 Journal Forensic Sci. Int. Section Abstract Doc Link 12062939 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0.67

Results of a Phase III study (N = 177) comparing Sativex, THC-predominant extract and placebo in intractable pain due to cancer unresponsive to opiates (Johnson and Potts 2005) demonstrated that Sativex produced highly statistically significant improvements in analgesia (Table 1), while the THC-predominant extract failed to produce statistical demarcation from placebo, suggesting the presence of CBD in the Sativex preparation was crucial to attain significant pain relief.

Gene_expression (produced) of THC associated with pain, cancer, intractable pain, agonist, opiate and analgesia

14) Confidence 0.16 Published 2008 Journal Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management Section Body Doc Link PMC2503660 Disease Relevance 1.28 Pain Relevance 1.25

These include anti-emetic effects, well established with THC, but additionally demonstrated for CBD (Pertwee 2005), the ability of THC and CBD to produce apoptosis in malignant cells and inhibit cancer-induced angiogenesis (Kogan 2005; Ligresti et al 2006), as well as the neuroprotective antioxidant properties of the two substances (Hampson et al 1998), and improvements in symptomatic insomnia (Russo et al 2007).

Gene_expression (produce) of THC associated with malignant neoplastic disease, cancer, vomiting, agonist, sleep disorders and apoptosis

15) Confidence 0.16 Published 2008 Journal Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management Section Body Doc Link PMC2503660 Disease Relevance 0.56 Pain Relevance 0.62

Thus, it is important to note that cannabinoids presynaptically inhibit glutamate release (Shen et al 1996), THC produces 30%–40% reduction in NMDA responses, and THC is a neuroprotective antioxidant (Hampson et al 1998).

Gene_expression (produces) of THC associated with glutamate and cannabinoid

16) Confidence 0.16 Published 2008 Journal Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management Section Body Doc Link PMC2503660 Disease Relevance 0.79 Pain Relevance 1.35

In contrast, neither THC nor CBD produce significant COX inhibition at normal dosage levels (Stott et al 2005a).

Gene_expression (produce) of THC associated with agonist

17) Confidence 0.16 Published 2008 Journal Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management Section Body Doc Link PMC2503660 Disease Relevance 0.71 Pain Relevance 0.46

While delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was first synthesized by Mechoulam in 1967 [5], it was not until 1990 that the cannabinoid receptor was localized in the brain [6] and cloned [7].

Gene_expression (synthesized) of THC in brain associated with cannabinoid receptor and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol

18) Confidence 0.13 Published 2005 Journal Harm Reduct J Section Body Doc Link PMC1261530 Disease Relevance 0.65 Pain Relevance 0.82

Finally, naltrexone, but not naltrindole or n-BNI, blocked the leftward shift in the dose-response curve for THC discrimination produced by heroin.

Gene_expression (produced) of THC

19) Confidence 0.09 Published 2005 Journal Psychopharmacology (Berl.) Section Body Doc Link 15619107 Disease Relevance 0 Pain Relevance 0

We next analyzed the proliferative potential of cancer cells and found that it was reduced by both THC and JWH-133, as indicated by a decreased number of Ki67-positive cells in cannabinoid-treated tumors (Fig. 3A).

Gene_expression (reduced) of THC associated with cancer and cannabinoid

20) Confidence 0.05 Published 2010 Journal Mol Cancer Section Body Doc Link PMC2917429 Disease Relevance 1.65 Pain Relevance 0.42

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